Metsis Katrin, Inchley Joanna, Williams Andrew James, Sullivan Frank
School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9TF UK.
MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Clarice Pears Building, 90 Byres Road, Glasgow, G12 8TB UK.
Discov Public Health. 2025;22(1):573. doi: 10.1186/s12982-025-00975-y. Epub 2025 Sep 24.
Evidence on health inequalities among young people is patchy compared to that among adults and younger children. This study examined the association between self-rated general health and a family's socioeconomic position among 10-24 year olds.
We utilised 2001, 2011 and 2021 census microdata from England and Wales, and 2001 and 2011 data from Scotland. Descriptive methods were used to determine differences in general health status by sociodemographic variables, and logistic regression analysis to calculate the odds of reporting poor health according to the National Statistics Socio-economic Classification (NS-SEC) of the household reference person (HRP). Logistic regression models controlled for the effects of age, gender, household-level deprivation of education and housing, and UK region.
Compared to young people from households where the HRP belonged to the managerial or professional NS-SEC group, all other groups, except those self-employed in 2001, had greater odds of reporting poor health. The odds were highest among young people from households where the HRP had never worked or was long-term unemployed: 2.7 times in 2001, 3.1 times in 2011 and 3.6 times in 2021 ( < 0.001).
We observed a similar social gradient of self-reported poor health across the 2001, 2011 and 2021 census datasets; as disadvantage increased, the share of young people with fair or poor health increased.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12982-025-00975-y.
与成年人和年幼儿童相比，关于年轻人健康不平等的证据并不完整。本研究调查了10至24岁人群的自我评定总体健康状况与家庭社会经济地位之间的关联。
我们使用了来自英格兰和威尔士的2001年、2011年和2021年人口普查微观数据，以及来自苏格兰的2001年和2011年数据。采用描述性方法确定社会人口学变量在总体健康状况方面的差异，并通过逻辑回归分析根据住户参考人（HRP）的国家统计局社会经济分类（NS-SEC）计算报告健康状况不佳的几率。逻辑回归模型控制了年龄、性别、家庭层面的教育和住房贫困以及英国地区的影响。
与HRP属于管理或专业NS-SEC组家庭的年轻人相比，除2001年个体经营者外，所有其他组报告健康状况不佳的几率更高。HRP从未工作或长期失业家庭的年轻人几率最高：2001年为2.7倍，2011年为3.1倍，2021年为3.6倍（<0.001）。
我们在2001年、2011年和2021年人口普查数据集中观察到自我报告健康状况不佳的类似社会梯度；随着不利因素增加，健康状况一般或不佳的年轻人比例上升。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s12982-025-00975-y获取的补充材料。
