Wu Jing, Dong Wen-Hong, Zheng Fangjieyi, Chen Kening, Ke Yuehua, Niu Wenquan
Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital,, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, No.3333, Bin-Sheng Road, Hangzhou, China.
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Oct 20;25(1):823. doi: 10.1186/s12887-025-06027-3.
We aimed to investigate the association between dietary carotenoids and acute respiratory infection (ARI) in the general US population.
We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003 - 2018 and 64,560 participants with complete records of dietary intake and ARI definition. Five major dietary carotenoids were evaluated: α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin, and lutein plus zeaxanthin. Survey-weight logistic regression and restricted cubic spline were applied.
The relationship between dietary carotenoids and ARI risk followed a linear trend. Participants in the highest quartile of dietary carotenoid intake exhibited a 15% lower risk of ARI than those in the lowest quartile (multi-adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72 - 0.99). Individually, the association with ARI was consistently significant for β-carotene (multi-adjusted OR, 95% CI: 0.82, 0.69 - 0.98), β-cryptoxanthin (0.77, 0.66 - 0.91), lycopene (0.86, 0.75 - 0.99), and lutein plus zeaxanthin (0.84, 0.71 - 0.99). There was a significant inverse relationship between total carotenoid intake and ARI among children aged 1 - 18 years(multi-adjusted OR, 95% CI: 0.74, 0.57 - 0.97 for the highest quartile, and 0.78, 0.63 - 0.96 for the third quartile compared with lowest quartile).
In this US national general population, our findings indicated that higher dietary carotenoid intake was inversely associated with ARI risk.
我们旨在研究美国普通人群饮食类胡萝卜素与急性呼吸道感染（ARI）之间的关联。
我们分析了2003年至2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据，以及64560名有完整饮食摄入记录和ARI定义的参与者的数据。评估了五种主要的饮食类胡萝卜素：α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素、β-隐黄质以及叶黄素和玉米黄质。应用了调查加权逻辑回归和受限立方样条。
饮食类胡萝卜素与ARI风险之间的关系呈线性趋势。饮食类胡萝卜素摄入量处于最高四分位数的参与者患ARI的风险比处于最低四分位数的参与者低15%（多因素调整比值比[OR]：0.85，95%置信区间[CI]：0.72 - 0.99）。单独来看，β-胡萝卜素（多因素调整OR，95% CI：0.82，0.69 - 0.98）、β-隐黄质（0.77，0.66 - 0.91）、番茄红素（0.86，0.75 - 0.99）以及叶黄素和玉米黄质（0.84，0.71 - 0.99）与ARI的关联均持续显著。在1至18岁儿童中，总类胡萝卜素摄入量与ARI之间存在显著的负相关关系（与最低四分位数相比，最高四分位数的多因素调整OR，95% CI：0.74，0.57 - 0.97；第三四分位数为0.78，0.63 - 0.96）。
在这个美国全国普通人群中，我们的研究结果表明，较高的饮食类胡萝卜素摄入量与ARI风险呈负相关。
