豚鼠过敏毒素活性中肾上腺素能机制的性质。

The nature of adrenergic mechanisms involved in anaphylatoxin activity in the guinea-pig.

Hicks R, Sackeyfio A C

Br J Pharmacol. 1972 Oct;46(2):260-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1972.tb06871.x.

Abstract

Evidence is presented to elucidate the nature of the adrenergic mechanisms involved in responses of the guinea-pig to anaphylatoxin (AT).2. Investigation by means of adrenalectomy, adrenergic neurone blockade, alpha- and beta- adrenoceptor blockade and exclusion of autonomic reflexes, revealed that the adrenergic mechanisms provoked included catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla, sympathetic reflex activity, stimulation of adrenergic neurones and alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor activity.3. The cardiovascular effects of AT, mediated by histamine release, were largely attributable to adrenal medullary and adrenergic neuronal mechanisms. These mechanisms also exerted a restraint on the predominantly histamine mediated bronchoconstrictor effect of AT.4. The cardiovascular effects of AT activity, not attributable to histamine release, were also probably associated with catecholamine release. However, the bronchoconstrictor component of this AT activity was not significantly affected by guanethidine, and it would, therefore, appear that neuronal bronchodilator mechanisms did not exert a restraint upon this aspect of AT activity.5. These findings are generally compatible with previous work showing that adrenergic mechanisms operate during AT-induced responses. In contrast to previous reports, however, the adrenergic activity was predominantly associated with the effects of released histamine.

摘要

本文提供了证据以阐明豚鼠对过敏毒素（AT）反应中涉及的肾上腺素能机制的性质。
通过肾上腺切除术、肾上腺素能神经元阻滞、α和β肾上腺素能受体阻滞以及排除自主反射进行的研究表明，所引发的肾上腺素能机制包括肾上腺髓质释放儿茶酚胺、交感反射活动、肾上腺素能神经元的刺激以及α和β肾上腺素能受体的活动。
由组胺释放介导的AT的心血管效应在很大程度上归因于肾上腺髓质和肾上腺素能神经元机制。这些机制也对AT主要由组胺介导的支气管收缩效应起到了抑制作用。
AT活性的心血管效应，若不归因于组胺释放，也可能与儿茶酚胺释放有关。然而，这种AT活性的支气管收缩成分不受胍乙啶的显著影响，因此，似乎神经元性支气管扩张机制并未对AT活性的这一方面起到抑制作用。
这些发现总体上与先前的研究结果一致，即肾上腺素能机制在AT诱导的反应中起作用。然而，与先前的报道不同，肾上腺素能活性主要与释放的组胺的作用相关。