Freyberger H
MMW Munch Med Wochenschr. 1977 Oct 28;119(43):1381-6.
Psychodynamic processes in the sense of secondary psychic reactions which can be regularly demonstrated in tumor patients are described: object loss with subsequent narcissistic insult and aggression defense and the inherent defense mechanisms; especially is denial which appears as adaptive misadaptive. Dealing with tumor patients includes emotional receptivity on the one hand and supportive psychotherapy on the other. Furthermore, of additional importance is management of the relatives and pre-operative and post-operative care by means of selfhelp groups. From this broadly based psychological medical program arise possibilities for specific psychosomatic interventions to supplement the somatotherapeutic measures.
客体丧失以及随后的自恋性侮辱和攻击性防御与内在防御机制；尤其是表现为适应性和适应不良性的否认。治疗肿瘤患者一方面需要情感接纳，另一方面需要支持性心理治疗。此外，借助自助小组对亲属进行管理以及进行术前和术后护理也格外重要。基于这个广泛的心理医学项目产生了一些具体的心身干预可能性，以补充躯体治疗措施。
