Blozovski D, Cudennec A, Garrigou D
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1977 Oct 20;54(2):139-43. doi: 10.1007/BF00426769.
The maturation of cholinergic inhibitory mechanisms that may be involved in passive-avoidance learning was studied in rats 14, 17, 21, 25, 28, and 34 days of age. Acquisition and extinction of the conditioned response were examined under saline and atropine sulfate (5 mg/kg). Learning was also tested following scopolamine hydrobromide injections (1, 4, 8 mg/kg) in rats 17 days of age and following alpha-methylatropine (5 mg/kg) in 17- and 34-day-old groups. In normal animals the rate of acquisition increased during ontogenesis, with a significant improvement between postnatal days 17 and 21, whereas the rate of extinction did not vary with age. Acquisition was impaired by atropine sulfate at all ages and even totally prevented in younger groups (14 and 17 days of age). It was also completely disrupted by scopolamine in 17-day-old rats. Extinction following acquisition under atropine was more rapid than after normal acquisition. Methyl-atropine was without effect. These results support the hypothesis of central cholinergic mechanisms involved in response suppression, already functioning in the rat 14 days of age and maturing mainly between the 17th and the 21st postnatal days.
对14、17、21、25、28和34日龄大鼠中可能参与被动回避学习的胆碱能抑制机制的成熟情况进行了研究。在生理盐水和硫酸阿托品（5毫克/千克）作用下，检测条件反应的习得和消退情况。还对17日龄大鼠注射氢溴酸东莨菪碱（1、4、8毫克/千克）后以及17日龄和34日龄组注射α-甲基阿托品（5毫克/千克）后的学习情况进行了测试。在正常动物中，习得率在个体发育过程中增加，在出生后第17天至21天之间有显著改善，而消退率不随年龄变化。硫酸阿托品在所有年龄段均损害习得，在较年幼组（14和17日龄）甚至完全阻止习得。东莨菪碱在17日龄大鼠中也完全破坏习得。阿托品作用下习得后的消退比正常习得后更快。甲基阿托品无作用。这些结果支持了参与反应抑制的中枢胆碱能机制的假说，该机制在14日龄大鼠中已发挥作用，主要在出生后第17天至21天成熟。
