Qu Zhenni, Gao Qi, Liu Menghan, Zhang Qiang, Shi Dianhua, Gao Peng, Dai Yanpeng
Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
Key Laboratory of Processing Technology and Principle of Honey and Charcoal, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
Molecules. 2025 Oct 24;30(21):4173. doi: 10.3390/molecules30214173.
(GL) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used to clear the lungs and benefit the stomach. polysaccharides (GLPs) constitute one of the primary active ingredients of GL, demonstrating notable biological activities including immunomodulatory, antioxidant activity, and antitumor effects.
This review aims to provide the latest and the most comprehensive information on GLPs, specifically investigating their extraction technologies, isolation and purification methods, structural characteristics, and pharmacological activities of GLPs. It seeks to lay a foundation for further investigating pharmacological activities and application scope and guide the safe clinical practice of GLPs.
PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Elsevier, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and other online databases were used to collect literature about extraction, isolation, and purification methods, structural characteristics, and pharmacological activities of GLPs published before January 2025.
Polysaccharides are the main active ingredient of GL. Currently, 19 types of GLPs have been extracted. Methods of extracting GL include hot water extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, and enzyme extraction. The most frequently used method of separation and purification within GLP is column chromatography, often entailing cellulose column chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. GLPs have various pharmacological activities, including immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and antitumor.
While GLPs show promising immunomodulatory and antitumor effects, elucidating their structure-activity relationships is essential for advancing our understanding and requires future research.
甘草是一种著名的传统中药，用于清肺和益胃。甘草多糖（GLPs）是甘草的主要活性成分之一，具有显著的生物活性，包括免疫调节、抗氧化活性和抗肿瘤作用。
本综述旨在提供关于GLPs的最新和最全面的信息，特别研究其提取技术、分离和纯化方法、结构特征以及GLPs的药理活性。它旨在为进一步研究药理活性和应用范围奠定基础，并指导GLPs的安全临床实践。
使用PubMed、谷歌学术、科学网、爱思唯尔、中国知网等在线数据库收集2025年1月前发表的关于GLPs提取、分离和纯化方法、结构特征及药理活性的文献。
多糖是甘草的主要活性成分。目前，已提取出19种GLPs。甘草的提取方法包括热水提取、超声辅助提取和酶提取。GLP中最常用的分离纯化方法是柱色谱法，通常包括纤维素柱色谱法和离子交换色谱法。GLPs具有多种药理活性，包括免疫调节、抗氧化和抗肿瘤。
虽然GLPs显示出有前景的免疫调节和抗肿瘤作用，但阐明其构效关系对于推进我们的理解至关重要，需要未来的研究。
