Lu Ying, Li Quan-Yao, Gan Lu, You Yi, Wang Chang-de, Guo Zhao-Wei, Shi Jun, Liu Xiao-Ying
Shanghai University of TCM Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Jing'an District, Shanghai (Medical School of Tongji University) Pengpu Xincun Community Health Care Center Internet Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Front Neurol. 2025 Nov 3;16:1686288. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1686288. eCollection 2025.
Migraine is a common disabling neurological disorder that affects the quality of human daily life and mental health, potentially leading to disability and imposing a substantial disease burden. There is currently a lack of literature analysis on the global burden and changing trends of migraines. Therefore, this study is of great significance for the development of effective management and prevention strategies for migraine by analyzing the global burden of migraine and its changing trends.
We obtained data on the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of migraine by region and year from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021). The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the time trend of disease burden, and factors that may affect the EAPC were analyzed. The burden of migraine was analyzed based on the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Frontier analysis was used to visually demonstrate the burden of development levels in various regions, and the trends of migraine incidence, prevalence, and DALYs over the next decade were predicted.
In 2021, the global number of prevalent cases, incident cases, and DALYs for migraine were 1.158 billion, 90.18 million, and 43.38 million, compared with 1990, the percentage changes were 58, 42, and 58%, respectively. In 2021, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) of migraine were the highest in areas with high SDI. Its prevalence, incidence, and DALYs were 15365.1, 1222.5, and 573.6 per 100,000 people. From 1990 to 2021, the ASDR showed an upward trend globally and in all regions, among which ASIR and ASPR in global, China, East Asia, high, high-middle SDI regions were on the rise, while they showed a downward trend in low, low-middle SDI regions. Frontier analysis showed that areas with high SDI generally had greater potential for improvement. We used a predictive model to estimate that ASIR, ASPR, and ASDR of migraine were all on the rise.
From 1990 to 2021, the global burden of migraine has increased significantly, especially in middle SDI region. This study highlights the importance of tailored interventions aimed at addressing migraine and thus contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals set by the World Health Organization.
偏头痛是一种常见的致残性神经系统疾病，会影响人类的日常生活质量和心理健康，有可能导致残疾并带来巨大的疾病负担。目前缺乏关于偏头痛全球负担及变化趋势的文献分析。因此，本研究通过分析偏头痛的全球负担及其变化趋势，对制定有效的偏头痛管理和预防策略具有重要意义。
我们从《2021年全球疾病负担研究》（GBD 2021）中获取了按地区和年份划分的偏头痛发病率、患病率及伤残调整生命年（DALYs）的数据。采用估计年变化百分比（EAPC）和95%置信区间（CI）来评估疾病负担的时间趋势，并分析了可能影响EAPC的因素。基于社会人口指数（SDI）分析偏头痛负担。采用前沿分析直观展示各地区发展水平的负担情况，并预测了未来十年偏头痛发病率、患病率及DALYs的趋势。
2021年，全球偏头痛的患病例数、新发病例数及DALYs分别为11.58亿、9018万和4338万，与1990年相比，变化百分比分别为58%、42%和58%。2021年，SDI高的地区偏头痛的年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）、年龄标准化患病率（ASPR）及年龄标准化DALY率（ASDR）最高。其患病率、发病率及DALYs分别为每10万人15365.1、1222.5和573.6。1990年至2021年，全球及所有地区的ASDR呈上升趋势，其中全球、中国、东亚、高、高中等SDI地区的ASIR和ASPR呈上升趋势，而在低、低中等SDI地区呈下降趋势。前沿分析表明，SDI高的地区通常具有更大的改善潜力。我们使用预测模型估计偏头痛的ASIR、ASPR和ASDR均呈上升趋势。
1990年至2021年，全球偏头痛负担显著增加，尤其是在中等SDI地区。本研究强调了针对性干预措施对于应对偏头痛的重要性，从而有助于实现世界卫生组织设定的可持续发展目标。
