用作催眠药的各种苯二氮䓬类药物的药代动力学和代谢
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of various benzodiazepines used as hypnotics.
作者信息
Breimer D D
出版信息
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1979;8(1):7S-13S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb00449.x.
Abstract
1 In the management of insomnia with drugs, any action should be restricted to the duration of the night and residual effects should be absent during the day-time. The intermittent type of drug action desired is fundamentally different from drug treatment where a constant effect is sought. 2 Duration of drug action is dependent on the kinetics of distribution and elimination of the parent drug and its effective metabolites. In addition biopharmaceutical factors, such as those which promote a rapid rate of absorption, are important. 3 These considerations serve as a guide for a review of the kinetics and metabolism of various benzodiazepines.
摘要
1 在药物治疗失眠时，任何药物作用都应限于夜间，且白天不应有残留效应。所需的间歇性药物作用类型与寻求持续效应的药物治疗有着根本区别。2 药物作用持续时间取决于母体药物及其有效代谢产物的分布和消除动力学。此外，生物药剂学因素，如那些促进快速吸收速率的因素，也很重要。3 这些考虑因素为综述各种苯二氮䓬类药物的动力学和代谢提供了指导。
相似文献
1
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of various benzodiazepines used as hypnotics.用作催眠药的各种苯二氮䓬类药物的药代动力学和代谢
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1979;8(1):7S-13S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb00449.x.
2
[Comparative pharmacokinetics of 5 hypnotic benzodiazepines in healthy volunteers].
Nouv Presse Med. 1982 Oct 14;11(40):2965-6.
3
Pharmacokinetics of benzodiazepines. Short-acting versus long-acting.苯二氮䓬类药物的药代动力学。短效与长效。
Arzneimittelforschung. 1980;30(5a):875-81.
4
Pharmacokinetics and the sedative effect of midazolam.咪达唑仑的药代动力学及镇静作用
Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol. 1983 Sep;21(9):460-3.
5
Determinants of pharmacologic effects and toxicity of benzodiazepine hypnotics: role of lipophilicity and plasma elimination rates.苯二氮䓬类催眠药的药理作用及毒性的决定因素：亲脂性和血浆消除率的作用
J Clin Psychiatry. 1991 Sep;52 Suppl:11-4.
6
Rebound insomnia and rebound anxiety: a review.反弹性失眠和反弹性焦虑：综述
Pharmacology. 1983;26(3):121-37. doi: 10.1159/000137794.
7
Rational use of anxiolytic/sedative drugs.抗焦虑/镇静药物的合理使用。
Drugs. 1983 May;25(5):514-28. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198325050-00004.
8
Using drugs to try and relieve insomnia. Where are we?使用药物来试图缓解失眠。我们现在处于什么情况？
Ariz Med. 1984 Aug;41(8):533-6.
9
Pharmacokinetics of closely related benzodiazepines.密切相关苯二氮䓬类药物的药代动力学。
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1979;8(1):15S-21S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb00450.x.
10
Comparative pharmacokinetics of brotizolam and triazolam in healthy subjects.健康受试者中溴替唑仑和三唑仑的比较药代动力学
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;16 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):291S-297S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02303.x.
引用本文的文献
1
Remimazolam Has Low Oral Bioavailability and No Potential for Misuse in Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assaults, with or Without Alcohol: Results from Two Randomised Clinical Trials.雷米唑仑的口服生物利用度低，无论是否与酒精同时使用，都不太可能被滥用于药物辅助性侵犯：两项随机临床试验的结果。
Drugs R D. 2020 Sep;20(3):267-277. doi: 10.1007/s40268-020-00317-0.
2
Risk factors for excessive benzodiazepine use in a working age population: a nationwide 5-year survey in Norway.工作年龄人群中苯二氮䓬类药物过度使用的风险因素：挪威一项为期5年的全国性调查
Scand J Prim Health Care. 2015;33(4):252-9. doi: 10.3109/02813432.2015.1117282.
3
Pharmacological treatment of insomnia.失眠的药物治疗。
Drugs. 1993 Jan;45(1):44-55. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199345010-00005.
4
Hypnotics: rebound insomnia and residual sequelae.催眠药：反弹性失眠和残留后遗症。
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1980 Mar;9(3):223-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1980.tb04829.x.
5
Loprazolam (HR158) and flurazepam with ethanol compared on tests of psychomotor ability.在精神运动能力测试中比较氯普唑仑（HR158）和氟西泮与乙醇合用的情况。
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;23(6):509-12. doi: 10.1007/BF00637498.
6
The effects of diazepam and oxprenolol on short term memory in individuals of high and low state anxiety.地西泮和氧烯洛尔对高、低状态焦虑个体短期记忆的影响。
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1983 Feb;15(2):197-202. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb01486.x.
7
The relationship between peak velocity of saccadic eye movements and serum benzodiazepine concentration.眼球快速运动峰值速度与血清苯二氮䓬浓度之间的关系。
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1981 Oct;12(4):523-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01261.x.
8
Pharmacokinetics of brotizolam in healthy subjects following intravenous and oral administration.健康受试者静脉注射和口服布罗替唑仑后的药代动力学
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;16 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):285S-290S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02302.x.
9
Comparative studies on the efficacy of brotizolam and nitrazepam: a multi-centre study.溴替唑仑与硝西泮疗效的比较研究：一项多中心研究。
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;16 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):403S-406S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02317.x.
10
Single and repeated dose kinetics of the hypnotic agent loprazolam in healthy volunteers.催眠药氯普唑仑在健康志愿者中的单剂量和重复剂量动力学
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;25(5):651-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00542354.
本文引用的文献
1
[Spectrophotometric determination of 5-phenyl-1,4-benzodiazepine-derivatives and studies on metabolism of nitrazepam. 5. Chemistry and analytics of benzodiazepine-derivatives].
Arzneimittelforschung. 1969 Dec;19(12):1929-31.
2
Blood level profile in man following chronic oral administration of flurazepam hydrochloride.
J Pharm Sci. 1973 Dec;62(12):1932-5. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600621205.
3
Plasma levels and derived pharmacokinetic characteristics of unchanged nitrazepam in man.
Arzneimittelforschung. 1973 Feb;23(2):212-8.
4
The effects of age and liver disease on the disposition and elimination of diazepam in adult man.年龄和肝脏疾病对成年男性体内地西泮处置与消除的影响。
J Clin Invest. 1975 Feb;55(2):347-59. doi: 10.1172/JCI107938.
5
Pharmacokinetics of diazepam following multiple-dose oral administration to healthy human subjects.
J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 1977 Oct;5(5):481-94. doi: 10.1007/BF01061729.
6
Comparison of two gas-liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of nitrazepam in plasma.两种气相色谱法测定血浆中硝西泮的比较。
J Chromatogr. 1977 Jun 11;136(2):259-70. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)86278-0.
7
Polymorphic acetylation of nitrazepam.硝西泮的多态乙酰化作用。
J Med Genet. 1976 Feb;13(1):17-9. doi: 10.1136/jmg.13.1.17.
8
Assay of underivatized intrazepam and clonazepam in plasma by capillary gas chromatography applied to pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies in humans.
J Chromatogr. 1978 Jan 1;145(1):105-14. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)81672-2.
9
Human pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of temazepam administered in soft gelatin capsules.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1977 Dec 16;12(5):383-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00562455.
10
Clinical pharmacokinetics of diazepam.地西泮的临床药代动力学
Clin Pharmacokinet. 1978 Jan-Feb;3(1):72-91. doi: 10.2165/00003088-197803010-00005.
Zotero 插件