Kaur Mannat, Arora Jasmine, Naseem Mohammad, Singh Anmol, Kumar Vikash, Sohal Aalam
Department of Ophthalmogy, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
Department of Medicine, Government Medical College Amritsar, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India.
World J Transplant. 2026 Mar 18;16(1):111869. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v16.i1.111869.
Liver transplantation is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage liver diseases and acute liver failure. With advances in surgical techniques and immunosuppressive regimens, patient survival rates have significantly improved. While the systemic complications of post-transplantation are well recognized, ophthalmic manifestations remain underreported. Ophthalmic complications can significantly impair visual function and increase morbidity in these patients. Prolonged immunosuppression makes the patients susceptible to the opportunistic pathogens such as Cytomegalovirus, Candida, Aspergillus, Other common findings include dry eye disease, cataracts and retinal vascular complications which further contribute to the long-term morbidity in these patients. Early ophthalmic evaluation and prompt management are essential to prevent irreversible vision loss and improve post-transplant outcomes. High index of suspicion and multidisciplinary approach is essential to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. This review highlights the range of ophthalmic complications observed in liver transplant recipients and underscores the need for future research focused on understanding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and refining the prophylactic protocols to improve outcomes in this unique patient population.
肝移植是终末期肝病和急性肝衰竭患者的一种挽救生命的手术。随着手术技术和免疫抑制方案的进步，患者生存率有了显著提高。虽然移植后全身并发症已得到充分认识，但眼部表现的报道仍然不足。眼部并发症会显著损害这些患者的视觉功能并增加发病率。长期免疫抑制使患者易受巨细胞病毒、念珠菌、曲霉菌等机会性病原体感染。其他常见表现包括干眼症、白内障和视网膜血管并发症，这些进一步导致了这些患者的长期发病率。早期眼科评估和及时处理对于预防不可逆视力丧失和改善移植后结局至关重要。高度的怀疑指数和多学科方法对于促进早期诊断和治疗至关重要。本综述强调了在肝移植受者中观察到的一系列眼部并发症，并强调了未来研究的必要性，该研究应侧重于了解潜在的病理生理机制并完善预防方案，以改善这一特殊患者群体的结局。
