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1
Trial of chloramphenicol for meningitis in northern savanna of Africa.非洲北部稀树草原地区氯霉素治疗脑膜炎的试验。
Br Med J. 1973 Aug 18;3(5876):379-81. doi: 10.1136/bmj.3.5876.379.
2
[Sufamide resistance of Meningococcus A. Apropos of 496 cases of cerebrospinal meningitis treated in a pediatric department in Morocco].[A群脑膜炎球菌对磺胺的耐药性。关于摩洛哥某儿科治疗的496例脑脊髓膜炎病例]
Maroc Med. 1971 Nov;51(551):673-85.
3
[Bacterial meningitis in childhood].[儿童细菌性脑膜炎]
Ann Paediatr. 1965;205(2):173-86.
4
Single injection treatment of meningococcal meningitis. 2. Long-acting chloramphenicol.脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎的单次注射治疗。2. 长效氯霉素。
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1979;73(6):698-702. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(79)90024-5.
5
Sulfonamide-resistant Neisseria meningitidis in Minneapolis.明尼阿波利斯市的耐磺胺类药物脑膜炎奈瑟菌
Minn Med. 1966 Feb;49(2):232-6.
6
[Letter: Meningococcal cerebrospinal meningitis in Africa. Treatment by a single intramuscular injection of chloramphenicol (oil suspension)].[信件：非洲的脑膜炎球菌性脑脊髓膜炎。单次肌内注射氯霉素（油混悬液）治疗]
Nouv Presse Med. 1975 Apr 26;4(17):1289.
7
Preliminary evaluation of hetacillin in the treatment of acute bacterial meningitis.海他西林治疗急性细菌性脑膜炎的初步评估。
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1967 Sep 27;145(2):502-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb50251.x.
8
Acute pyogenic meningitis in Cairo, Egypt 1961-1966.1961 - 1966年埃及开罗的急性化脓性脑膜炎
J Trop Med Hyg. 1971 Jun;74(6):141-4.
9
[Chemotherapy of purulent meningitis].[化脓性脑膜炎的化疗]
Monatsschr Kinderheilkd (1902). 1970 May;118(5):166-74.
10
Ceftriaxone as effective as long-acting chloramphenicol in short-course treatment of meningococcal meningitis during epidemics: a randomised non-inferiority study.在疫情期间，头孢曲松在短程治疗脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎方面与长效氯霉素效果相当：一项随机非劣效性研究。
Lancet. 2005;366(9482):308-13. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66792-X.

引用本文的文献

1
Rationale for optimal dosing of beta-lactam antibiotics in therapy for bacterial meningitis.β-内酰胺类抗生素治疗细菌性脑膜炎的最佳给药剂量原理
Eur J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Dec;3(6):579-91. doi: 10.1007/BF02013629.
2
Epidemic group C meningococcal meningitis in Upper Volta, 1979.1979年上沃尔特的C群流行性脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎
Bull World Health Organ. 1983;61(2):325-30.
3
Sulbactam/ampicillin in the treatment of epidemic meningococcal meningitis in northern Nigeria.舒巴坦/氨苄西林治疗尼日利亚北部流行性脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎
Drugs. 1988;35 Suppl 7:77-9. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198800357-00017.
4
Characterization of epidemic and nonepidemic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A strains from Sudan and Sweden.来自苏丹和瑞典的流行性和非流行性A群脑膜炎奈瑟菌菌株的特征分析。
J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Aug;28(8):1711-9. doi: 10.1128/jcm.28.8.1711-1719.1990.
5
Bacterial meningitis. Some aspects of diagnosis and treatment.细菌性脑膜炎。诊断与治疗的某些方面。
Arch Dis Child. 1975 Sep;50(9):674-84. doi: 10.1136/adc.50.9.674.

本文引用的文献

1
Therapeutic range of chloramphenicol in purulent meningitis.氯霉素在化脓性脑膜炎中的治疗范围。
Antibiotic Med Clin Ther (New York). 1955 Apr;1(4):192-200.
2
CHANGING SUSCEPTIBILITY OF MENINGOCOCCI TO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS.脑膜炎球菌对抗菌药物敏感性的变化
N Engl J Med. 1965 Feb 25;272:395-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196502252720804.
3
Treatment of meningitis with chloromycetin palmitate; results of therapy in twenty-three cases.用棕榈氯霉素治疗脑膜炎；23例治疗结果
Pediatrics. 1953 Apr;11(4):368-80.
4
Statewide study of chloramphenicol therapy and fatal aplastic anemia.氯霉素治疗与致命性再生障碍性贫血的全州范围研究。
JAMA. 1969 Jun 16;208(11):2045-50.
5
General review of the treatment of meningitis.脑膜炎治疗的综述。
J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 1969;44(4):408-24.
6
Efficacy of intramuscular chloramphenicol in treatment of H. influenzae meningitis.肌内注射氯霉素治疗流感嗜血杆菌脑膜炎的疗效。
J Pediatr. 1972 Aug;81(2):416-7. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(72)80347-0.
7
Sulfa-drug resistance and serologic studies of a meningococcal meningitis epidemic.
J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 1969;44(4):356-68.
8
Evaluation of chloramphenicol acid succinate therapy of induced typhoid fever and rocky mountain spotted fever.琥珀氯霉素治疗人工诱发伤寒热和落基山斑疹热的评估。
N Engl J Med. 1970 Jan 8;282(2):53-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197001082820201.
9
[Biological and clinical data concerning the reaction of Neisseria meningitides A to several sulfonamides and antibiotics: observations at Fort-Lamy (Chad) during a seasonal outbreak of cerebrospinal meningitis].[关于A群脑膜炎奈瑟菌对几种磺胺类药物和抗生素反应的生物学及临床数据：在乍得拉密堡季节性爆发的脑脊髓膜炎期间的观察]
Bull World Health Organ. 1969;40(3):331-42.
10
Counter-current immunoelectrophoresis in the diagnosis of meningococcal infections.对流免疫电泳在脑膜炎球菌感染诊断中的应用
Lancet. 1971 Sep 4;2(7723):519-21. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90439-9.

非洲北部稀树草原地区氯霉素治疗脑膜炎的试验。

Trial of chloramphenicol for meningitis in northern savanna of Africa.

作者信息

Whittle H C, Davidson N M, Greenwood B M, Warrell D A, Tomkins A, Tugwell P, Zalin A, Bryceson A D, Parry E H, Brueton M, Duggan M, Rajković A D

出版信息

Br Med J. 1973 Aug 18;3(5876):379-81. doi: 10.1136/bmj.3.5876.379.

DOI:10.1136/bmj.3.5876.379
PMID:4199744
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1586699/
Abstract

In a controlled trial chloramphenicol proved as effective and much cheaper than penicillin for the treatment of group A meningococcal meningitis in Zaria, Nigeria. A short course of five days cured most patients. Adults and older children were soon able to take chloramphenicol by mouth, which reduced the cost and simplified treatment.It is suggested that chloramphenicol is a suitable alternative to sulphonamides for the treatment of meningococcal meningitis in those parts of Africa where the organism is sulphonamide-resistant.

摘要

在一项对照试验中，氯霉素被证明在尼日利亚扎里亚治疗A群脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎时与青霉素一样有效，且成本低得多。五天的短疗程治愈了大多数患者。成人和大龄儿童很快就能口服氯霉素，这降低了成本并简化了治疗。有人建议，在非洲那些该病菌对磺胺类药物耐药的地区，氯霉素是治疗脑膜炎球菌性脑膜炎的磺胺类药物的合适替代物。