Chappell J A, Taylor M A
Am J Public Health. 1979 Mar;69(3):279-81. doi: 10.2105/ajph.69.3.279.
Rubella history and antibody titre were determined for 457 medical, graduate, and physician assistant students. Eighteen per cent were estimated at risk for rubella. There were no male-female differences. Health-profession students did not differ in rubella immune status from the general population. History was not helpful in assessing immune status. Approximately one-half of persons with low antibody titres had considered themselves immune, while one-half with moderate to high antibody titres had considered themselves at risk. Less than one-half of students with low antibody titres available themselves of immunization which was recommended and offered. With a high percentage of adult females at risk for rubella even in a health-motivated population and with poor follow-up on recommended immunization, current immunization practices must be improved if congenital rubella syndrome is to be further reduced. Mass inoculation of school age males and prepubertal school age females without prior determination of rubella antibody titres is suggested as a cost-effective means of decreasing incidence of congenital rubella syndrome.
对457名医学、研究生和医师助理专业的学生进行了风疹病史和抗体滴度检测。估计有18%的人有感染风疹的风险。不存在性别差异。卫生专业学生的风疹免疫状况与普通人群没有差异。病史对评估免疫状况没有帮助。抗体滴度低的人中约有一半认为自己有免疫力,而抗体滴度中等至高的人中约有一半认为自己有感染风险。抗体滴度低的学生中,不到一半的人接受了推荐并提供的免疫接种。即使在有健康意识的人群中,也有很高比例的成年女性有感染风疹的风险,而且对推荐的免疫接种的随访情况不佳,如果要进一步降低先天性风疹综合征的发病率,目前的免疫接种做法必须改进。建议在不事先测定风疹抗体滴度的情况下,对学龄男性和青春期前学龄女性进行大规模接种,这是降低先天性风疹综合征发病率的一种具有成本效益的方法。