Miranda A F, Godman G C, Deitch A D, Tanenbaum S W
J Cell Biol. 1974 May;61(2):481-500. doi: 10.1083/jcb.61.2.481.
HeLa, Vero, L, HEp2, and MDBK cells respond immediately to 0.2-0.5 microg/ml cytochalasin D (CD) with sustained contraction (contracture), loss of microvilli, expression of endoplasmic contents (zeiosis), nuclear protrusion, and extension of cytoplasmic processes. The development of these changes is depicted, and the dose-response patterns in these cell lines are described. MDBK is generally most resistant and HeLa most sensitive to these effects of CD. Cells in G(1) are most sensitive to CD; responsiveness decreases progressively during early S and is least in mid S through G(2). CD inhibits transport of [(14)C]deoxyglucose in HeLa by about 45% but has no significant effect on hexose uptake in Vero and MDBK; sugar transport is thus apparently unrelated to any morphologic effect of CD. Although spreading and attachment are impeded, CD does not decrease and may even enhance the adhesiveness of established monolayers. Contraction appears to be a primary early effect of CD, upon which other visible changes follow. It is prevented by some inhibitors of energy metabolism (deoxyglucose and dinitrophenol) and does not occur in glycerinated models without ATP. The possible bases of the contractile response to CD are discussed. Although direct or indirect action of CD on some microfilaments may occur, a generalized structural disruption of contractile filaments by CD is considered unlikely.
HeLa、Vero、L、HEp2和MDBK细胞对0.2 - 0.5微克/毫升的细胞松弛素D（CD）立即产生持续收缩（挛缩）、微绒毛丧失、内质网内容物表达（空泡形成）、核突出以及细胞质突起延长等反应。描述了这些变化的发展过程，并阐述了这些细胞系中的剂量反应模式。MDBK通常对CD的这些作用最具抗性，而HeLa最敏感。处于G(1)期的细胞对CD最敏感；在S期早期反应性逐渐降低，在S期中段至G(2)期最低。CD抑制HeLa细胞中[(14)C]脱氧葡萄糖的转运约4成，但对Vero和MDBK细胞中的己糖摄取无显著影响；因此，糖转运显然与CD的任何形态学效应无关。尽管铺展和附着受到阻碍，但CD不会降低甚至可能增强已建立单层细胞的黏附性。收缩似乎是CD的主要早期效应，随后会出现其他可见变化。它可被一些能量代谢抑制剂（脱氧葡萄糖和二硝基苯酚）阻止，并且在没有ATP的甘油化模型中不会发生。讨论了对CD收缩反应的可能基础。尽管CD可能对某些微丝有直接或间接作用，但认为CD对收缩丝的普遍结构破坏不太可能。
