Hill W G
J Toxicol Environ Health. 1979 Jan;5(1):27-42. doi: 10.1080/15287397909529722.
The effects of inbreeding on heterozygosity, mean performance, variation within and between lines, and fixation or loss of genes are discussed. Theoretical predictions for degree of pedigree inbreeding and consequences for genes neutral with respect to fitness are outlined first, and then the likely modifications necessary to account for natural selection during inbred line development are considered. For illustration, some results from experiments with laboratory animals are reviewed. Inbred lines or F1 crosses between them are special genotypes, not representative of the population from which they were derived. Similarly, outbred stocks of laboratory animals that have a long history in the laboratory, or narrow base, or are maintained in small numbers, will lack variation and become like inbred lines. The efficacy of using either inbreds or such outbred stocks in toxicological screening is questioned on the ground that the range of genotypes is inadequate.
本文讨论了近亲繁殖对杂合性、平均表现、品系内和品系间变异以及基因固定或丢失的影响。首先概述了系谱近亲繁殖程度的理论预测以及对适应性中性基因的影响，然后考虑了在近交系发育过程中考虑自然选择所需的可能修正。为了说明这一点，回顾了一些实验动物实验的结果。近交系或它们之间的F1杂交种是特殊的基因型，并不代表它们所源自的种群。同样，在实验室中有很长历史、基础狭窄或数量较少的实验动物远交群体，将缺乏变异性并变得类似于近交系。基于基因型范围不足的理由，对在毒理学筛选中使用近交系或此类远交群体的有效性提出了质疑。
