Hill W C
J Exp Med. 1969 Feb 1;129(2):363-70. doi: 10.1084/jem.129.2.363.
When a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction is elicted in a sensitive animal at a skin site in which an accumulation of mononuclear cells has been induced by a prior injection of a nonspecific stimulus, those properties characteristic of a DTH reaction, i.e. erythema, edema, and induration, become evident much more rapidly and intensely than a reaction in an unprepared skin site. This rapid, intense reaction has the histology of a classical delayed reaction and persists as long or longer than a classical DTH reaction in the same animal. Two facts are evident from these observations. Firstly, early in the development of a delayed reaction, the slow accumulation of mononuclear cells may be completely independent of the presence of specific antigen. Secondly, there is a reaction between specific antigen and an antibody-like substance which may or may not be attached to cells. The reaction develops so rapidly at a prepared site that the pharmacological mediators which are responsible for edema must be presumed to be released abruptly. A classical delayed reaction is attributable to the time needed for the accumulation of cells in sufficient numbers. It follows that the rate-limiting step in a classical delayed reaction is the process of cell accumulation. The present observations indicate that this process is independent of the presence of specific antigen.
当在敏感动物的皮肤部位引发迟发型超敏反应（DTH）时，若该部位先前已注射非特异性刺激物从而诱导了单核细胞的聚集，那么DTH反应所特有的那些特性，即红斑、水肿和硬结，会比在未做准备的皮肤部位的反应更快且更强烈地显现出来。这种快速、强烈的反应具有典型迟发型反应的组织学特征，并且在同一动物体内持续的时间与典型DTH反应相同或更长。从这些观察结果中可以明显看出两个事实。首先，在迟发型反应发展的早期，单核细胞的缓慢聚集可能完全独立于特异性抗原的存在。其次，特异性抗原与一种可能附着或未附着于细胞的类抗体物质之间存在反应。该反应在已做准备的部位发展得如此迅速，以至于必须假定负责水肿的药理介质是突然释放的。典型的迟发型反应归因于细胞积累到足够数量所需的时间。由此可见，典型迟发型反应中的限速步骤是细胞积累过程。目前的观察结果表明，这一过程独立于特异性抗原的存在。
