Pope M H, Johnson R J, Brown D W, Tighe C
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1979 Apr;61(3):398-402.
With a knee-testing device we measured the valgus stiffness of the medial musculoligamentous complex of the knee in five volunteers. Tests were done with the muscles quiescent and with contraction of the sartorius and vastus medialis. Contraction of those muscles substantially increased the valgus stiffness. In eight subjects the voluntary reaction times were measured. With either a visual or a tactile impulse for prophylactic muscle contraction, the muscles acted too slowly to augment the stiffness of the knee so as to prevent injury. In fifty-one volunteers we applied the maximum torque to the leg, just short of eliciting pain, and showed that even then the muscle contraction would occur too late to protect the knee in typical sports situations.
我们使用一种膝关节测试装置，对五名志愿者膝关节内侧肌肉韧带复合体的外翻刚度进行了测量。测试分别在肌肉静止状态以及缝匠肌和股内侧肌收缩状态下进行。这些肌肉收缩时，外翻刚度显著增加。我们还对八名受试者的自主反应时间进行了测量。无论是通过视觉还是触觉刺激来诱发预防性肌肉收缩，肌肉的反应都过于迟缓，无法增加膝关节的刚度以预防损伤。在五十一名志愿者中，我们对腿部施加了接近引起疼痛的最大扭矩，结果表明，即便如此，在典型的运动情况下，肌肉收缩发生得太晚，无法保护膝关节。
