Sassin J F, Parker D C, Mace J W, Gotlin R W, Johnson L C, Rossman L G
Science. 1969 Aug 1;165(3892):513-5. doi: 10.1126/science.165.3892.513.
Release of human growth hormone during sleep is significantly related to slow, synchronized stages of sleep and therefore would seem to be controlled by related neural mechanisms. When sleep-waking cycles are reversed by 12 hours, the release of growth hormone with sleep is reversed; thus release does not follow an inherent circadian rhythm independent of sleep.