Quabbe H J, Gregor M, Bumke-Vogt C, Eckhof A, Witt I
Endocrinology. 1981 Aug;109(2):513-22. doi: 10.1210/endo-109-2-513.
The 24-h pattern of GH secretion and its possible relation to the sleep/wake cycle and to sleep stages were studied in 12 male rhesus monkeys. Blood samples were drawn every 15 min for 96 h, 24 h, or shorter periods of time through chronic right atrial catheters which extended through the wall into the adjacent room. In addition, activity rating (daytime) and determination of sleep stages from electroencephalogram recordings (nighttime) were done. GH profiles were obtained during undisturbed conditions and during deprivation of nap, 5 h total sleep, slow wave sleep (SWS), and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. GH secretion was episodic, with peak concentrations often exceeding 20 ngeq/ml and nadirs mostly below 1 ngeq/ml. Autocorrelation analysis demonstrated a circadian and an ultradian rhythm during undisturbed conditions. However, the cycle length of the ultradian rhythm showed large inter- and intraindividual variations (from 3--6 h). Neither cross-correlation analysis between hormonal and activity/electroencephalogram sleep stage time series nor results of deprivation experiments produced evidence for a link between nap phases, the sleep/wake cycle, or the SWS/REM sleep stage cycle on the one hand and the GH secretory pattern on the other hand. However, while SWS deprivation was highly effective, REM deprivation did not substantially reduce total REM sleep time due to frequent entries into abortive REM sleep epochs. During the daytime, there was no significant correlation between activity/arousal and GH, but during the night, there was a significant positive correlation between stage waking and GH. A direct or indirect synchronizing effect of the matutinal light change is suggested by the pattern of the 24-h curve of mean GH concentrations during undisturbed conditions: a steep increase from very low concentrations at light onset, followed by a succession of nadirs and peaks at approximately 4.5-h intervals. However, the nadirs became progressively more shallow until there was no apparent periodicity during the night due to the loss of synchronization. It is concluded that GH in the rhesus monkey shows a circadian and an ultradian periodicity. However, in contrast to man, sleep and SWS are not important determinators of the 24-h GH pattern.
在12只雄性恒河猴身上研究了生长激素（GH）分泌的24小时模式及其与睡眠/觉醒周期和睡眠阶段的可能关系。通过延伸穿过腹壁进入相邻房间的慢性右心房导管，每15分钟采集一次血样，持续96小时、24小时或更短时间。此外，还进行了活动评分（白天）和根据脑电图记录确定睡眠阶段（夜间）。在未受干扰的条件下以及在剥夺午睡、总睡眠时间5小时、慢波睡眠（SWS）和快速眼动（REM）睡眠期间获得了GH谱。GH分泌是间歇性的，峰值浓度常常超过20毫微克/毫升，最低点大多低于1毫微克/毫升。自相关分析表明在未受干扰的条件下存在昼夜节律和超日节律。然而，超日节律的周期长度在个体间和个体内显示出很大差异（从3 - 6小时）。激素与活动/脑电图睡眠阶段时间序列之间的互相关分析以及剥夺实验的结果均未提供证据表明午睡阶段、睡眠/觉醒周期或SWS/REM睡眠阶段周期与GH分泌模式之间存在联系。然而，虽然剥夺SWS非常有效，但由于频繁进入流产性REM睡眠期，剥夺REM并没有实质性减少总的REM睡眠时间。在白天，活动/觉醒与GH之间没有显著相关性，但在夜间，觉醒阶段与GH之间存在显著正相关。未受干扰条件下平均GH浓度的24小时曲线模式提示了晨光线变化的直接或间接同步效应：从光照开始时的极低浓度急剧增加，随后以大约4.5小时的间隔相继出现最低点和峰值。然而，最低点逐渐变浅，直到夜间由于失去同步而没有明显的周期性。结论是恒河猴的GH表现出昼夜节律和超日周期性。然而，与人类不同，睡眠和SWS不是24小时GH模式的重要决定因素。
