King M E, Godman G C, King D W
J Cell Biol. 1972 Apr;53(1):127-42. doi: 10.1083/jcb.53.1.127.
Exposure of HeLa and L cells to chloramphenicol causes a progressive dose-dependent decrease in cytochrome oxidase and succinate-cytochrome c reductase activities, concomitant with an increase in the amount of cytochrome c. At 2-3 days, the specific activities of the enzymes have fallen to about one-half of control values; the mitochondria appear swollen. By day 5, enzyme activities are about one-quarter of control values; the mitochondria are more swollen, with disorientation and disintegration of cristae. By day 6-8, after three generations, growth has stopped, enzyme activities are approximately the same as on day 5, and cytochrome c content has reached 170% of control value. Mitochondria show severe changes, cristae being affected more than peripheral inner membrane. The number of profiles continues to be nearly normal. After 30 days, cytochrome oxidase activity remains low but now there are mitochondria in intermediate and condensed configuration. There is a gradual accumulation in the cytoplasm of smooth membrane elements. If chloramphenicol is removed, cells recover. Ethidium bromide treatment for up to 8 days yields results virtually identical to those obtained with chloramphenicol. Cells treated with 10(-4)M KCN show a decrease in cytochrome oxidase activity to about one-third of control value and an elevated amount of cytochrome c. Only a small number of mitochondria appear damaged. Autochthonous mitochondrial syntheses appear to be essential for the organization of the cristae. When cytochrome oxidase activity is impaired, a regulatory mechanism for cytochrome biosynthesis geared to mitochondrial function may be lacking, resulting in an increase in cytochrome c content.
将HeLa细胞和L细胞暴露于氯霉素中会导致细胞色素氧化酶和琥珀酸 - 细胞色素c还原酶活性逐渐呈剂量依赖性下降，同时细胞色素c的量增加。在2 - 3天时，这些酶的比活性降至对照值的约二分之一；线粒体出现肿胀。到第5天时，酶活性约为对照值的四分之一；线粒体肿胀更明显，嵴排列紊乱且解体。到第6 - 8天，经过三代培养后，生长停止，酶活性与第5天大致相同，细胞色素c含量达到对照值的170%。线粒体显示出严重变化，嵴比周边内膜受影响更严重。线粒体轮廓数量仍接近正常。30天后，细胞色素氧化酶活性仍然很低，但此时存在处于中间和浓缩形态的线粒体。光滑膜元件在细胞质中逐渐积累。如果去除氯霉素，细胞会恢复。用溴化乙锭处理长达8天产生的结果与用氯霉素处理获得的结果几乎相同。用10(-4)M KCN处理的细胞显示细胞色素氧化酶活性降至对照值的约三分之一，细胞色素c含量升高。只有少数线粒体似乎受损。内源性线粒体合成似乎对嵴的组织至关重要。当细胞色素氧化酶活性受损时，可能缺乏针对线粒体功能的细胞色素生物合成调节机制，导致细胞色素c含量增加。
