对正常、糖尿病、可的松处理及生长激素处理大鼠肾皮质中葡萄糖代谢途径限速步骤的评估。

Evaluation of the rate-limiting steps in the pathway of glucose metabolism in kidney cortex of normal, diabetic, cortisone-treated and growth hormone-treated rats.

作者信息

Joseph P K, Subrahmanyam K

出版信息

Biochem J. 1972 Aug;128(5):1293-301. doi: 10.1042/bj1281293.

DOI:10.1042/bj1281293

PMID:4345356

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1174017/

Abstract

The activities of gluconeogenic and glycolytic enzymes and the concentrations of citrate, ammonia, amino acids, glycogen, glucose 6-phosphate, acetyl-CoA, lactate and pyruvate were measured in kidney cortex of normal, diabetic, cortisone-treated and growth hormone-treated rats. 2. In kidney cortex of diabetic, cortisone-treated and growth hormone-treated rats the activities of glucose 6-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9), fructose 1,6-diphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11) and phosphopyruvate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.32) were increased. 3. The activities of glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3), alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2), aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.10) and pyruvate carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.1) were increased in diabetic and cortisone-treated rats. In growth hormone-treated rats the activity of aspartate aminotransferase was depressed but those of the other three enzymes were unchanged. 4. The activity of hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) was not altered in any of these conditions. Phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11) activity was depressed only in growth hormone-treated rats. Pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) activity was depressed in cortisone-treated and growth hormone-treated rats but unchanged in diabetic rats. 5. Amino acids, acetyl-CoA and glucose 6-phosphate contents were increased in rat kidneys in all these three conditions. Ammonia content was increased in diabetic and cortisone-treated rats but was markedly diminished in growth hormone-treated rats. 6. The [lactate]/[pyruvate] ratio was elevated in diabetic and cortisone-treated rats but unchanged in growth hormone-treated rats. Citrate content was increased in the kidney cortex of diabetic and growth hormone-treated rats but was unchanged in cortisone-treated rats. The activity of ATP citrate lyase (EC 4.1.3.8) was depressed in diabetic and growth hormone-treated rats but was increased in cortisone-treated rats. 7. Glycogen content was moderately elevated in growth hormone-treated rats and markedly elevated in diabetic rats, whereas no change in glycogen content was observed in cortisone-treated rats. Glycogen synthetase (EC 2.4.1.11) activity was unchanged in all these three conditions. Phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1) activity was not affected in cortisone-treated rats but was depressed in diabetic and growth hormone-treated rats.

摘要

测定了正常、糖尿病、可的松处理及生长激素处理大鼠肾皮质中糖异生和糖酵解酶的活性，以及柠檬酸、氨、氨基酸、糖原、6-磷酸葡萄糖、乙酰辅酶A、乳酸和丙酮酸的浓度。2. 在糖尿病、可的松处理及生长激素处理大鼠的肾皮质中，6-磷酸葡萄糖磷酸酶（EC 3.1.3.9）、果糖1,6-二磷酸酶（EC 3.1.3.11）和磷酸丙酮酸羧化酶（EC 4.1.1.32）的活性增加。3. 糖尿病和可的松处理大鼠中谷氨酸脱氢酶（EC 1.4.1.3）、丙氨酸转氨酶（EC 2.6.1.2）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（EC 2.6.1.10）和丙酮酸羧化酶（EC 6.4.1.1）的活性增加。在生长激素处理大鼠中，天冬氨酸转氨酶活性降低，但其他三种酶的活性未改变。4. 在任何这些情况下，己糖激酶（EC 2.7.1.1）的活性均未改变。磷酸果糖激酶（EC 2.7.1.11）的活性仅在生长激素处理的大鼠中降低。丙酮酸激酶（EC 2.7.1.40）的活性在可的松处理和生长激素处理的大鼠中降低，但在糖尿病大鼠中未改变。5. 在所有这三种情况下，大鼠肾脏中的氨基酸、乙酰辅酶A和6-磷酸葡萄糖含量均增加。糖尿病和可的松处理大鼠中的氨含量增加，但生长激素处理大鼠中的氨含量明显减少。6. 糖尿病和可的松处理大鼠中[乳酸]/[丙酮酸]比值升高，但生长激素处理大鼠中该比值未改变。糖尿病和生长激素处理大鼠肾皮质中的柠檬酸含量增加，但可的松处理大鼠中柠檬酸含量未改变。糖尿病和生长激素处理大鼠中ATP柠檬酸裂解酶（EC 4.1.3.8）的活性降低，但可的松处理大鼠中该酶活性增加。7. 生长激素处理大鼠中的糖原含量适度升高，糖尿病大鼠中的糖原含量显著升高，而可的松处理大鼠中的糖原含量未观察到变化。在所有这三种情况下，糖原合成酶（EC 2.4.1.11）的活性均未改变。磷酸化酶（EC 2.4.1.1）的活性在可的松处理大鼠中未受影响，但在糖尿病和生长激素处理大鼠中降低。