Zurier R B, Hoffstein S, Weissmann G
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1973 Mar;70(3):844-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.70.3.844.
The morphological and biochemical consequences of treatment of human peripheral blood leukocytes with cytochalasin B were studied. Incubation of human polymorphs with cytochalasin B resulted in nuclear and cytoplasmic spreading, but not in spontaneous release of lysosomal enzymes. Cytochalasin B inhibited particle uptake. Consequently, phagocytic vacuoles were not observed; instead, granule contents were discharged directly into the surrounding medium when cytochalasin B-treated cells were challenged with zymosan particles. Cytochalasin B enhanced the release of lysosomal enzymes from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes whether these encountered zymosan particles or immune complexes on a nonphagocytosable Millipore filter. Cytochalasin B-treated leukocytes thus constitute a model system for quantitative study of lysosome fusion. Augmented enzyme release was blocked by prior treatment of cells with pharmacological doses of agents that influence the accumulation of cyclic nucleotides (cyclic nucleotides themselves, prostaglandin E(1)) or by compounds that interfere with microtubule function (e.g., colchicine, vinblastine). These observations suggest that one action of cytochalasin B on phagocytic cells is to remove the normal constraints to merger of granules, either with each other or with the plasma membrane, and that intact microtubule function is required for translocation of lysosomes.
研究了用细胞松弛素B处理人外周血白细胞的形态学和生化后果。将人多形核白细胞与细胞松弛素B一起孵育会导致细胞核和细胞质展开，但不会导致溶酶体酶的自发释放。细胞松弛素B抑制颗粒摄取。因此，未观察到吞噬泡；相反，当用酵母聚糖颗粒攻击经细胞松弛素B处理的细胞时，颗粒内容物直接排放到周围介质中。无论在不可吞噬的微孔滤膜上遇到酵母聚糖颗粒还是免疫复合物，细胞松弛素B都会增强人多形核白细胞中溶酶体酶的释放。因此，经细胞松弛素B处理的白细胞构成了用于定量研究溶酶体融合的模型系统。用影响环核苷酸积累的药物剂量的试剂（环核苷酸本身、前列腺素E(1)）或干扰微管功能的化合物（如秋水仙碱、长春花碱）预先处理细胞，可阻断增强的酶释放。这些观察结果表明，细胞松弛素B对吞噬细胞的一个作用是消除颗粒彼此之间或与质膜融合的正常限制，并且完整的微管功能是溶酶体转运所必需的。
