Pahlm O, Börjesson P O, Werner O
Comput Programs Biomed. 1979 May;9(3):293-300. doi: 10.1016/0010-468x(79)90041-2.
The technique of predictive coding is applied to the problem of reversible compression of digitized electrocardiograms. Integer-based predictors and MMSE predictors are studied as regards performance at varying sampling rates and digital resolutions for both long-term ECGs and ECGs recorded at rest. It is concluded that MMSE predictors are to be preferred only in the case when the ECG is oversampled (i.e., the sampling rate is much higher than twice the cut-off frequency of the presampling filter). In other cases the integer predictor which yields the so-called 2nd differences is superior. The problem of encoding the resulting residuals with a variable-length code is studied for long-term ECGs digitized at 100 Hz and using 8 bits digital resolution. The code has a simple struture leading to speed of execution while the efficiency loss is small.
预测编码技术被应用于数字化心电图的可逆压缩问题。针对长期心电图以及静息时记录的心电图，研究了基于整数的预测器和最小均方误差（MMSE）预测器在不同采样率和数字分辨率下的性能。得出的结论是，仅当心电图过采样时（即采样率远高于预采样滤波器截止频率的两倍），MMSE预测器才更可取。在其他情况下，产生所谓二阶差分的整数预测器更优。对于以100Hz数字化且使用8位数字分辨率的长期心电图，研究了用可变长度码对所得残差进行编码的问题。该编码具有简单的结构，执行速度快，而效率损失小。
