水肿、醋酸氢化可的松、并发病毒感染及免疫对牛肺中溶血巴氏杆菌清除率的影响。

The effect of edema, hydrocortisone acetate, concurrent viral infection and immunization on the clearance of Pasteurella hemolytica from the bovine lung.

作者信息

Gilka F, Thomson R G, Savan M

出版信息

Can J Comp Med. 1974 Jul;38(3):251-9.

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1319864/

Abstract

The influence of pulmonary edema, hydrocortisone, immunization against Pasteurella hemolytica and concurrent infection with parainfluenza-3 virus upon pulmonary clearance of aerosolized P. hemolytica was studied in 31 calves. Following the various treatments calves were challenged with an aerosol of P. hemolytica. One control calf was killed immediately after the aerosol and the numbers of bacteria in the lung taken as 100%. Two calves were killed four hours after challenge and the numbers of bacteria in the lungs were compared to the 100% of the control calf. The result was the percentage clearance of bacteria at four hours. PULMONARY EDEMA WAS INDUCED BY THREE DIFFERENT METHODS: by an aerosol of histamine, by intravenous injection of endotoxin and by intravenous injection of croton oil emulsion. The edema impaired the clearance of P. hemolytica, which was reflected in high numbers of P. hemolytica present in the lungs at four hours after challenge: 260% after histamine, 300% and 400% after endotoxin and 92% after croton oil. SIX DAYS OF TREATMENT OF FOUR CALVES WITH HIGH DOSES OF HYDROCORTISONE ACETATE PRODUCED INCONSISTENT RESULTS: two calves treated with a higher daily dose (36 mg/kg) had normal clearance whereas two calves treated with a lower dose had pulmonary edema and displayed lowered clearance with 111% and 31% respectively of P. hemolytica retained in the lungs four hours after challenge. Immunization of calves by three different methods, a subcutaneously injected bacterin of P. hemolytica (2 calves), single aerosol (2 calves) and four aerosols (4 calves) of live P. hemolytica was reflected in an accelerated pulmonary clearance of P. hemolytica (with a mean of 1.55% of bacteria retained at four hours). Concurrent infection with parainfluenza-3 virus did not lower the clearance of P. hemolytica in the lungs of 12 calves over 15 days except on the first day following the exposure to parainfluenza-3 virus. These calves had hemagglutinating antibodies against P. hemolytica before exposure.

摘要

在31头犊牛中研究了肺水肿、氢化可的松、抗溶血巴斯德氏菌免疫接种以及与副流感3型病毒并发感染对雾化溶血巴斯德氏菌肺部清除的影响。经过各种处理后，用溶血巴斯德氏菌气雾剂对犊牛进行攻毒。1头对照犊牛在雾化后立即处死，将肺中的细菌数量视为100%。2头犊牛在攻毒后4小时处死，将肺中的细菌数量与对照犊牛的100%进行比较。结果是4小时时细菌的清除率百分比。通过三种不同方法诱导肺水肿：用组胺气雾剂、静脉注射内毒素和静脉注射巴豆油乳剂。水肿损害了溶血巴斯德氏菌的清除，这反映在攻毒后4小时肺中存在大量溶血巴斯德氏菌：组胺后为260%，内毒素后为300%和400%，巴豆油后为92%。对4头犊牛用高剂量醋酸氢化可的松治疗6天产生了不一致的结果：2头每天接受较高剂量（36mg/kg）治疗的犊牛清除正常，而2头接受较低剂量治疗的犊牛出现肺水肿，清除率降低，攻毒后4小时肺中分别保留111%和31%的溶血巴斯德氏菌。通过三种不同方法对犊牛进行免疫接种，皮下注射溶血巴斯德氏菌菌苗（2头犊牛）、单次气雾剂（2头犊牛）和4次活溶血巴斯德氏菌气雾剂（4头犊牛），反映为溶血巴斯德氏菌肺部清除加速（4小时时平均保留1.55%的细菌）。除了暴露于副流感3型病毒后的第一天外，与副流感3型病毒并发感染在15天内并未降低12头犊牛肺部溶血巴斯德氏菌的清除率。这些犊牛在暴露前具有抗溶血巴斯德氏菌的血凝抗体。