Gamstorp I
Psychiatr Neurol Med Psychol Beih. 1970;13-14:235-44.
The methods used to measure the conduction velocity of peripheral motor nerves in arms and legs and of the distal part of sensory fibres in the hand are demonstrated. Normal values in infancy, childhood and adolescence are given and discussed in relation to the maturation of the peripheral nervous system. This maturation is further elucidated by a study of the conduction velocity of peripheral motor nerves in different groups of mentally retarded children. The normal values in different ages also serve as a reference with which to compare a value found in a child with a possibly impaired function of the peripheral nerves. Conduction velocity of peripheral nerves is normal in diseases affecting the anterior horn cells or the muscles. It is abnormally low in diseases primarily localized in the peripheral nerves. It is thus a diagnostic tool in establishing a diagnosis of polyneuropathy, a condition, which may be particularly hard to diagnose clinically in children because of the difficulties in performing a good sensory examination in young child. The clinical conditions, in which measuring of conduction velocity of peripheral nerves may be of great help, are discussed. The technique of performing electromyography is briefly reviewed. The findings in normal children of different ages are discussed in relation to the maturation of the neuromuscular system. Abnormalities typical of different diseases of the peripheral neurones and the muscles are described. Finally, the clinical conditions are discussed in which electromyography may be of diagnostic help.
本文展示了用于测量手臂和腿部周围运动神经以及手部感觉纤维远端传导速度的方法。给出了婴儿期、儿童期和青春期的正常值，并结合周围神经系统的成熟情况进行了讨论。通过对不同组智障儿童周围运动神经传导速度的研究，进一步阐明了这种成熟过程。不同年龄段的正常值也可作为参考，用于将儿童的测量值与周围神经功能可能受损的情况进行比较。在影响前角细胞或肌肉的疾病中，周围神经的传导速度正常。在主要局限于周围神经的疾病中，传导速度异常降低。因此，它是诊断多发性神经病的一种诊断工具，由于在幼儿中进行良好的感觉检查存在困难，这种疾病在临床上可能特别难以诊断。本文讨论了测量周围神经传导速度可能有很大帮助的临床情况。简要回顾了进行肌电图检查的技术。结合神经肌肉系统的成熟情况，讨论了不同年龄正常儿童的检查结果。描述了周围神经元和肌肉不同疾病的典型异常情况。最后，讨论了肌电图检查可能有助于诊断的临床情况。
