Incubation conditions were established in experiments with human-prostate homogenates for almost complete conversion of [4-(14)C]testosterone into at least ten transformation products. 2. Whole homogenates of tissue with benign hypertrophy were shown to contain 3alpha-, 3beta- and 17beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenases, Delta(4)-3-oxo steroid 5alpha- and 5beta- reductases and unidentified hydroxylases. 3. Most of the 17beta-hydroxy steroid-dehydrogenase activity was located in the mitochondria, which showed little other activity. 4. The 3alpha- and 3beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenases and the 5beta-reductase were located in the high-speed supernatant and required supplementation with NADPH for activity. 5. The 5alpha-reductase was located in both microsomal and high-speed supernatant fractions and also required supplementation with NADPH.
