Staudenmayer H, Kinsman R A, Dirks J F, Spector S L, Wangaard C
Psychosom Med. 1979 Mar;41(2):109-18. doi: 10.1097/00006842-197903000-00004.
Hypotheses about medical outcome in asthma, indexed by rates of rehospitalization within 6 months after discharge from long-term intensive care, were evaluated. Predictions for rehospitalization were based on the levels of airways hyperreactivity, indexed by inhalation challenges with histamine or methacholine, and levels of anxiety focused upon and concurrent with periods of asthmatic distress, indexed by Panic-Fear symptomatology. Results indicated that, although some prediction could be made on the basis of levels of anxiety and airways hyperreactivity alone, the best predictions resulted from the combined effects of these factors. Almost half of the patients who had highly hyperreactive airways and a tendency to disregard symptoms of breathing difficulty were rehospitalized. By comparison, none of the patients who had less hyperreactive airways and a tendency to be vigilant about their symptoms were rehospitalized. The hypotheses and results are discussed with respect to symptom-focused and general, illness-dependent types of anxiety which have different effects upon medical outcome in chronic asthma. The results have implications for the application of anxiety-reducing forms of intervention in asthma.
对哮喘病医疗结果的假设进行了评估，该假设以长期重症监护出院后6个月内的再次住院率为指标。再次住院的预测基于气道高反应性水平（以组胺或乙酰甲胆碱吸入激发试验为指标）以及与哮喘发作期同时存在且以惊恐-恐惧症状为指标的焦虑水平。结果表明，虽然仅根据焦虑水平和气道高反应性水平就能做出一些预测，但最佳预测来自这些因素的综合作用。气道反应性极高且有忽视呼吸困难症状倾向的患者中，近一半再次住院。相比之下，气道反应性较低且有对症状保持警惕倾向的患者中，无人再次住院。针对以症状为重点的焦虑和一般的、与疾病相关的焦虑类型对慢性哮喘医疗结果的不同影响，对这些假设和结果进行了讨论。这些结果对哮喘病中减轻焦虑干预形式的应用具有启示意义。
