Anderson D E, Yingling J E
Am J Physiol. 1979 Jun;236(6):H880-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1979.236.6.H880.
Operant conditioning experiments were performed with 12 chronically instrumented dogs to which aversive stimulation was presented whenever total peripheral resistance (mean pressure/cardiac output) decreased acutely below a criterion level. Initial experiments in which aversive stimulation occurred whenever total peripheral resistance decreased below mean base-line levels resulted in sustained decreases in total peripheral resistance, accompanied by elevations in heart rate, cardiac output, and arterial pressure. Subsequent experiments showed, however, that if aversive stimulation occurred only following large-magnitude decreases in resistance (30% below base-line levels), a progressive cardiovascular response pattern emerged during daily sessions of 5--16 h. This cardiovascular pattern included progressive elevations in resistance (10--50%), accompanied by progressive decreases or no change in heart rate and cardiac output and moderate increases in arterial (up to 20 mmHg) and pulse pressure. These within-session cardiovascular changes were accompanied by sustained inhibition of overt behavioral acitivity and progressive inhibition in respiratory activity. Implications of these observation for behavioral regulation of circulatory function are discussed.
对12只长期植入仪器的狗进行了操作性条件反射实验，每当总外周阻力（平均压力/心输出量）急剧下降到标准水平以下时，就会对其施加厌恶刺激。最初的实验中，每当总外周阻力下降到平均基线水平以下时就施加厌恶刺激，结果导致总外周阻力持续下降，同时心率、心输出量和动脉压升高。然而，随后的实验表明，如果仅在阻力大幅下降（低于基线水平30%）后才施加厌恶刺激，那么在每天5至16小时的实验过程中会出现一种渐进性的心血管反应模式。这种心血管模式包括阻力逐渐升高（10%至50%），同时心率和心输出量逐渐下降或无变化，动脉压（高达20 mmHg）和脉压适度升高。实验过程中的这些心血管变化伴随着明显行为活动的持续抑制和呼吸活动的渐进性抑制。本文讨论了这些观察结果对循环功能行为调节的意义。
