Golubev A M, Gorovatskaia Z L
Arkh Patol. 1979;41(4):19-23.
Isoenzymes of the liver tissue lactate dehydrogenase (LDG) were examined in 37 patients with micro- and macronodular cirrhosis. LDG isoenzymes were studied by histochemical and cytophotometrical methods, electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel, densitometry. The results were treated statistically. Uneven (mosaic) distribution of LDG activity in hepatocytes was observed in hepatocirrhosis. Different hepatocytes and fibroblasts had dissimilar sets of LDG isoenzymes. Anodal isoenzymes showed a higher activity in the bile duct epithelium. Cathodal isoenzymes in hepatocytes were localized mostly near the external cell membrane and the nuclear membrane. Micronodular cirrhoses are characterized by an increased activity of LDG2 and LDG3 and a decreased activity of LDG5 in the liver tissue. Macronodular cirrhoses are characterized by a decreased activity of LDG1 and LDG3 and an increased activity of LDG5. In the presence of hepatocyte insufficiency the activity of LDG1 decreased. Changes in the liver tissue LDG isoenzymes profile is due to a number of degenerative and regeneratory lesions typical of the cirrhotic process. The determination of the profile of the liver tissue LDG isoenzymes is important for the establishment of the type of cirrhosis, the degree of hypoxia, the intensity of regeneration processes, and the effectiveness of the therapy given to the patient.
对37例小结节性和大结节性肝硬化患者的肝组织乳酸脱氢酶（LDG）同工酶进行了检测。采用组织化学和细胞光度测定法、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、光密度测定法研究LDG同工酶。对结果进行统计学处理。在肝硬化患者的肝细胞中观察到LDG活性分布不均匀（呈镶嵌状）。不同的肝细胞和成纤维细胞具有不同的LDG同工酶谱。阳极同工酶在胆管上皮中活性较高。肝细胞中的阴极同工酶大多定位于细胞膜外和核膜附近。小结节性肝硬化的特征是肝组织中LDG2和LDG3活性增加，LDG5活性降低。大结节性肝硬化的特征是LDG1和LDG3活性降低，LDG5活性增加。在存在肝细胞功能不全时，LDG1活性降低。肝组织LDG同工酶谱的变化是由于肝硬化过程中典型的一些退行性和再生性病变所致。测定肝组织LDG同工酶谱对于确定肝硬化类型、缺氧程度、再生过程强度以及给予患者治疗的有效性具有重要意义。
