Stewart R B, Forgnone M, May F E, Forbes J, Cluff L E
Clin Toxicol. 1974;7(5):513-30. doi: 10.3109/15563657408988024.
Of 415 adult patients treated for acute drug intoxications in a university hospital emergency room, 64 (15.4%) required admission to the medical service for intensive care. A significantly larger proportion of patients over 40 years of age required hospitalization. Forty-eight of the episodes requiring hospitalization were identified as intentional drug intoxication. Women were admitted in 41 (64.0%) instances while men were admitted on 23 (36.0%) occasions. Non-barbiturate depressants, barbiturates, tranquilizers, and antidepressants were the drug classes most commonly incriminated. Almost one-half of all patients, however, had taken multiple drugs. Medical complications in these 64 patients included coma in 43 (67.2%), acute hypertension or hypotension in 21 (32.8%), and pneumonia in 16 (25%). Complications occurring less frequently were cardiac arrest in three (4.7%), anemia in two (3.2%), neuropathies, soft tissue necrosis, quadraplegia, renal failure, bullous dermatitis, and fetal death in one patient each. Two (3.2%) patients died as a result of drug ingestions. Forty per cent of patients had experienced previous episodes of acute drug intoxication.
在一家大学医院急诊室接受急性药物中毒治疗的415名成年患者中，64名（15.4%）需要入住内科重症监护病房。40岁以上的患者需要住院治疗的比例显著更高。48例需要住院治疗的病例被确定为故意药物中毒。女性住院41例（64.0%），男性住院23例（36.0%）。非巴比妥类镇静剂、巴比妥类药物、镇静剂和抗抑郁药是最常涉及的药物类别。然而，几乎一半的患者服用了多种药物。这64名患者的医学并发症包括43例（67.2%）昏迷、21例（32.8%）急性高血压或低血压、16例（25%）肺炎。较少发生的并发症包括3例（4.7%）心脏骤停、2例（3.2%）贫血、1例神经病变、1例软组织坏死、1例四肢瘫痪、1例肾衰竭、1例大疱性皮炎和1例胎儿死亡。2例（3.2%）患者因药物摄入死亡。40%的患者曾有过急性药物中毒发作。
