Armstrong B, Doll R
Br J Prev Soc Med. 1974 Nov;28(4):233-40. doi: 10.1136/jech.28.4.233.
Cohort analyses of bladder cancer mortality rates in men and women in England and Wales have been compared with figures for the per caput consumption of saccharin and cigarette tobacco and with similar analyses of cigarette smoking habits. The increase in bladder cancer mortality rates in male cohorts born since 1870 can be attributed to cigarette smoking, and there is no evidence of any break in the continuity of the trends in either men or women which corresponds to the introduction of saccharin.
对英格兰和威尔士男性和女性膀胱癌死亡率的队列分析,已与糖精和卷烟的人均消费量数据以及吸烟习惯的类似分析进行了比较。自1870年以来出生的男性队列中膀胱癌死亡率的上升可归因于吸烟,而且没有证据表明男性或女性的趋势连续性出现任何与糖精引入相对应的中断。