Bryan E M, Kohler H G
Arch Dis Child. 1974 Nov;49(11):844-52. doi: 10.1136/adc.49.11.844.
In a consecutive series of nearly 20,000 freshly delivered placentas, 2 vessels instead of the normal 3 were found in the umbilical cords of 143 (0·72%) infants, 83 females and 60 males. 4 infants were twins: in each instance the co-twin had 3 vessels. The incidence of single umbilical artery (SUA) in multiple pregnancies was slightly less than in singletons. 2 infants with SUA were sibs. There was an increased incidence of major malformations (17·5%), of prematurity (16·5%), and of smallness for dates (34%) among infants with SUA. 25 (17·5%) infants, of whom 19 had a major malformation, died in the perinatal period; of these, 2 had a persistent vitelline artery. (A follow-up study has been carried out on the surviving infants—results to be published.) This investigation into the incidence and significance of SUA is based on what is so far the largest prospective and unselected series collected in a single maternity unit. All placental examinations and necropsies were carried out by one pathologist, all follow-up examinations by one paediatrician.
在近20000例新鲜分娩胎盘的连续病例系列中，143例（0.72%）婴儿的脐带中发现有2条血管而非正常的3条血管，其中83例为女性，60例为男性。4例婴儿为双胞胎：在每种情况下，其孪生儿的脐带都有3条血管。多胎妊娠中单脐动脉（SUA）的发生率略低于单胎妊娠。2例患有SUA的婴儿为同胞关系。SUA婴儿中严重畸形（17.5%）、早产（16.5%）和小于孕周（34%）的发生率有所增加。25例（17.5%）婴儿在围产期死亡，其中19例有严重畸形；其中2例有持续的卵黄动脉。（已对存活婴儿进行了随访研究——结果待发表。）这项关于SUA发生率及意义的调查基于迄今为止在单一产科病房收集的最大规模的前瞻性且未经筛选的病例系列。所有胎盘检查和尸检均由一名病理学家进行，所有随访检查均由一名儿科医生进行。
