McMartin D N
J Gerontol. 1979 Jul;34(4):502-11. doi: 10.1093/geronj/34.4.502.
The oldest members of most short- and long-lived mammalian species develop many similar morphologic changes. This suggests that the combined occurrence of a variety of age-associated lesions in a group can be used as an indicator of its advanced biological age. Males and females from our colony of aging Syrian hamsters were previously shown to have an equally high incidence of atrial thrombosis and myocardial degeneration, despite the females' much shorter life-span. Other age-associated lesions were then examined histopathologically to determine whether females age faster than males. Hepatic, renal, and splenic amyloidosis were more severe in females than in males and became so at an earlier age. Degenerative lesions were also found in adrenals, thyroids, and brains of both sexes. Atrophy was especially severe in the thymus. The incidence of malignant neoplasms, most of which were of lymphoreticular origin, was similar in both sexes. Female hamsters may age faster than males if biological age can be assessed by these morhologic criteria.
大多数短寿命和长寿命哺乳动物物种中最年长的成员会出现许多相似的形态学变化。这表明一组中多种与年龄相关的病变同时出现可被用作其生物学年龄较高的指标。我们衰老叙利亚仓鼠群体中的雄性和雌性此前已被证明心房血栓形成和心肌变性的发生率同样高，尽管雌性的寿命要短得多。然后对其他与年龄相关的病变进行组织病理学检查，以确定雌性是否比雄性衰老得更快。雌性肝脏、肾脏和脾脏的淀粉样变性比雄性更严重，且在更早的年龄就出现这种情况。在两性的肾上腺、甲状腺和大脑中也发现了退行性病变。胸腺萎缩尤其严重。恶性肿瘤的发生率在两性中相似，其中大多数起源于淋巴网状组织。如果通过这些形态学标准评估生物学年龄，雌性仓鼠可能比雄性衰老得更快。
