Hasleton P S
Thorax. 1972 Sep;27(5):552-6. doi: 10.1136/thx.27.5.552.
The lungs from an unselected group of necropsies were fixed in inflation by boiling formaldehyde vapour, and the percentage of emphysema was determined by macroscopic point-counting. The emphysema was categorized into alveolar, centrilobular, bullous, and mixed'. The term mixed' emphysema was applied to cases which had a combination of two or all of the three forms. Quantitative criteria were used in the diagnosis of emphysema. `Significant' emphysema was defined as destruction of the lung parenchyma by 5% or more of centrilobular or 10% or more of alveolar or bullous emphysema. Using these criteria, the overall incidence of emphysema in both sexes was 24%, the incidence in men being 35% and in women 9%. Alveolar emphysema was present in 25% of males and in 3% of females. The corresponding figures for centrilobular emphysema were 6% and 3%. Comparison of the present investigation with other studies suggests that there are geographical differences in the incidence of the alveolar and centrilobular forms of the disease.
从一组未经挑选的尸检病例中取出的肺脏，通过煮沸甲醛蒸汽使其在膨胀状态下固定，然后通过宏观点数法确定肺气肿的百分比。肺气肿被分为肺泡性、小叶中心性、大疱性和“混合性”。“混合性”肺气肿适用于具有三种形式中的两种或全部组合的病例。在肺气肿的诊断中使用了定量标准。“重度”肺气肿定义为肺实质破坏达5%或更多的小叶中心性肺气肿、或10%或更多的肺泡性或大疱性肺气肿。根据这些标准，男女肺气肿的总体发病率为24%，男性发病率为35%，女性为9%。肺泡性肺气肿在男性中的发生率为25%，在女性中为3%。小叶中心性肺气肿的相应数字分别为6%和3%。将本研究与其他研究进行比较表明，该病的肺泡性和小叶中心性形式的发病率存在地理差异。
