Cornoldi C, Calore D, Pra-Baldi A
Percept Mot Skills. 1979 Apr;48(2):627-39. doi: 10.2466/pms.1979.48.2.627.
Imagery ratings, incidental free recall, and intentional free recall of a group of young congenitally blind adults living in an institute for the blind and of control group were compared. Words to be rated and recalled belonged to three categories: (a) high-imagery words whose referents can be sensorially experienced also by the blind; (b) high-imagery words whose referents cannot be experienced; and (c) low-imagery words. In the control group, both ratings of imagery and recall were affected by the category to which the word belonged. For the blind group the category of the word affected only the ratings of imagery which still assumed a peculiar form since words in category b received extremely low ratings. It is concluded that the blind can evaluate the imagery value of a word, but that their recall is not affected by the level of its imagery value. Therefore, the imagery value really seems to describe, as Paivio asserts, the susceptibility of an item to being coded in a specific visuo-imaginal way, which is more available for sighted than for blind people.
对一群生活在盲人机构中的先天性失明的年轻成年人以及对照组进行了意象评级、附带自由回忆和有意自由回忆的比较。待评级和回忆的单词分为三类：(a) 高意象单词，其指代物盲人也能通过感官体验到；(b) 高意象单词，其指代物无法被体验到；(c) 低意象单词。在对照组中，意象评级和回忆都受到单词所属类别的影响。对于盲人组，单词的类别仅影响意象评级，而意象评级仍呈现出一种特殊形式，因为类别b中的单词获得极低的评级。得出的结论是，盲人能够评估单词的意象价值，但他们的回忆不受其意象价值水平的影响。因此，正如佩维奥所断言的，意象价值似乎确实描述了一个项目以特定视觉意象方式编码的易感性，这种方式对有视力的人比对盲人更有用。
