Hulf J A, Corall I M, Knights K M, Strunin L, Newton J R
Fertil Steril. 1979 Aug;32(2):193-6. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44179-8.
During hysteroscopy the uterus may be distended with carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), or Hyskon (a high molecular weight dextran). An initial study in 27 patients (group 1) using arterialized venous blood samples demonstrated rises in carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) when N2O was insufflated by using a laparoscopy insufflating device--a constant-pressure, variable-volume gas source. Cardiovascular collapse occurred in one patient in this group, most probably as a result of macropulmonary emboli of N2O. The rise in PCO2 is accounted for by an increase in physiologic dead space. In another 24 patients (group 2) the gaseous media were introduced by using a constant-volume, variable-pressure gas source; this resulted in minimal changes in arterial PCO2. The choice of whether a gaseous or liquid distending medium is used for hysteroscopy is governed by the state of the endometrium. If a gaseous medium is indicated, then CO2 is preferable to N2O and should be introduced with a constant-volume, variable-pressure gas source.
在宫腔镜检查过程中，子宫可用二氧化碳（CO₂）、氧化亚氮（N₂O）或海克森（一种高分子量右旋糖酐）进行扩张。一项对27例患者（第1组）的初步研究，使用动脉化静脉血样本，结果显示，当使用腹腔镜充气装置（一种恒压、可变容积的气体源）注入N₂O时，二氧化碳分压（PCO₂）会升高。该组中有1例患者发生心血管衰竭，最可能的原因是N₂O引起的大的肺栓塞。PCO₂升高是由于生理死腔增加所致。在另外24例患者（第2组）中，使用恒容、可变压气体源引入气体介质；这导致动脉PCO₂的变化最小。宫腔镜检查使用气态还是液态扩张介质的选择取决于子宫内膜的状态。如果需要使用气态介质，那么CO₂比N₂O更可取，并且应该使用恒容、可变压气体源来引入。
