van der Marel P, van Wezel A L
Dev Biol Stand. 1979;42:93-8.
Most human virus vaccines contain complete virus particles, either inactivated or attenuated. Besides components responsible for induction of neutralizing antibodies, other virus components (e.g. nucleic acids, lipids) are also administered upon vaccination. For envelope viruses the (glyco) proteins of the viral envelope are generally involved in the induction of neutralizing antibodies. Our investigations are focussed on the large scale preparation of these components from several viruses or virus vaccines, such as rabies and influenza. For virus disintegration we have tested several ionic anc nonionic detergents. Triton X-100 gave good results. Separation of solubilized components from the remainder of the virus has been carried out on a small scale by ultracentrifugation. For the purification of influenza hemagglutinin and neuraminidase we also used gelfiltration with success. The latter process can be scaled up easily. The main problem in the process of virus subunit preparation is the removal of detergent.
大多数人类病毒疫苗都含有完整的病毒颗粒，要么是灭活的，要么是减毒的。除了负责诱导中和抗体的成分外，其他病毒成分（如核酸、脂质）在接种疫苗时也会被注入体内。对于包膜病毒，病毒包膜的（糖）蛋白通常参与中和抗体的诱导。我们的研究集中在从几种病毒或病毒疫苗（如狂犬病和流感病毒）中大规模制备这些成分。为了使病毒解体，我们测试了几种离子型和非离子型去污剂。Triton X-100取得了良好的效果。通过超速离心在小规模上实现了将溶解的成分与病毒的其余部分分离。为了纯化流感血凝素和神经氨酸酶，我们成功地使用了凝胶过滤法。后一过程可以很容易地扩大规模。病毒亚单位制备过程中的主要问题是去除去污剂。
