MacRae E K, Powell R E
Histochemistry. 1979 Apr 12;60(3):295-308. doi: 10.1007/BF00500657.
The ammoniacal silver reaction (ASR) for cationic proteins was used as a cytochemical marker for the primary or A granules in the cytoplasm of developing heterophils of chick bone marrow. The presence of the electron-dense particulate reaction product of silver, which is localized in the fully formed rod-shaped A granules, provides a marker by which the A granules could be distinguished from the B granules of similar size and by which the formation and maturation of both granule types could be followed through the developmental stages. Progressive developmental stages were ascertained on the basis of decreasing cell size, increasing condensation and margination of the chromatin, and the number and morphology of the granules; the stages were divided into promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte and heterophil. During the promyelocyte stage, the first appearance of the electron-dense, membrane-bound, spherical granules (0.3--1.0 micrometer in diameter) is observed in the vicinity of an extensive Golgi complex. They occur in a cytoplasm containing rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomal clusters, centrioles, mitochondria, microtubules, as well as the membranes, saccules, vesicles and vacuoles of the Golgi complex. These granules are considered as primary but their presence as the only granule type appears very brief. The ASR reaction product is first detected on the surface of these primary granules in late promyelocytes or myelocytes. The secondary or B granule, devoid of reaction for cationic protein at all stages, appears as a condensing vacuole in promyelocytes, but after some A granules are already present. The vacuole contents condense to form the B granules which are 0.1--0.6 micrometer in diameter, often oval-shaped, and contain a loose filamentous material surrounded by a membrane. Tertiary C granules or lysosomes appear during the myelocyte stage as dense core vesicles (0.1--0.2 micrometer in diameter) negative for cationic protein.
用于阳离子蛋白的氨银反应（ASR）被用作雏鸡骨髓发育中异嗜性粒细胞细胞质中初级或A颗粒的细胞化学标记。银的电子致密颗粒反应产物存在于完全形成的杆状A颗粒中，这提供了一种标记，通过它可以将A颗粒与大小相似的B颗粒区分开来，并且可以追踪两种颗粒类型在发育阶段的形成和成熟过程。根据细胞大小减小、染色质凝聚和边缘化增加以及颗粒的数量和形态确定渐进的发育阶段；这些阶段分为原粒细胞、早幼粒细胞、中幼粒细胞和异嗜性粒细胞。在原粒细胞阶段，在广泛的高尔基体复合体附近观察到电子致密、膜结合的球形颗粒（直径0.3-1.0微米）首次出现。它们出现在含有糙面内质网、核糖体簇、中心粒、线粒体、微管以及高尔基体复合体的膜、囊泡、小泡和液泡的细胞质中。这些颗粒被认为是初级颗粒，但它们作为唯一颗粒类型的存在似乎非常短暂。ASR反应产物在晚原粒细胞或早幼粒细胞中首次在这些初级颗粒表面检测到。次级或B颗粒在所有阶段对阳离子蛋白均无反应，在原粒细胞中表现为凝聚的液泡，但在一些A颗粒已经存在之后。液泡内容物凝聚形成直径为0.1-0.6微米、通常为椭圆形的B颗粒，并含有被膜包围的松散丝状物质。三级C颗粒或溶酶体在早幼粒细胞阶段作为对阳离子蛋白呈阴性的致密核心小泡（直径0.1-0.2微米）出现。
