Brooke O G, Alvear J, Arnold M
Pediatr Res. 1979 Apr;13(4 Pt 1):215-20. doi: 10.1203/00006450-197904000-00001.
Energy balance studies were done during 10-29 days on 15 immature infants of mean birth weight 1581 g. Mean gross energy intake was 757 kJ/kg (181 kcal) and 79% of this was retained, so that metabolizable energy was 602 kJ/kg (143 kcal). Mean resting metabolic rate was 244 kJ/kg (58.1 kcal), and it increased with advancing maturity. Minimum resting metabolism averaged 199 kJ/kg (47.5 kcal). Energy expended in activity increased with maturity, but amounted to less than 17% of the total energy turnover. Postprandial metabolism caused the mean VO2 to rise by 17% in the hour after a feed, and during 24 hr resulted in consumption of energy equivalent to about 10% of the resting metabolism. Stored energy amounted to 230 kJ/kg (55 kcal) and was linearly related to weight gain (r = 0.92). Energy cost of weight gain was 24 kJ/g (5.7 kcal) and energy stored in new tissue was 16.8 kJ/g (4.0 kcal). Maintenance energy requirement at zero growth rate was about 270 kJ/kg (64 kcal).
对15名平均出生体重为1581克的未成熟婴儿进行了为期10至29天的能量平衡研究。平均总能量摄入量为757千焦/千克（181千卡），其中79%被留存，因此可代谢能量为602千焦/千克（143千卡）。平均静息代谢率为244千焦/千克（58.1千卡），并随着成熟度的提高而增加。最低静息代谢平均为199千焦/千克（47.5千卡）。活动消耗的能量随着成熟度的提高而增加，但占总能量周转的比例不到17%。餐后代谢导致喂食后1小时内平均耗氧量增加17%，在24小时内导致消耗的能量相当于静息代谢的约10%。储存能量为230千焦/千克（55千卡），与体重增加呈线性相关（r = 0.92）。体重增加的能量成本为24千焦/克（5.7千卡），新组织中储存的能量为16.8千焦/克（4.0千卡）。零生长率时的维持能量需求约为270千焦/千克（64千卡）。
