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纤维长度和钙离子浓度对甘油提取的昆虫纤维状肌肉动态响应的影响。

The effects of fibre length and calcium ion concentration on the dynamic response of glycerol extracted insect fibrillar muscle.

作者信息

Abbott R H

出版信息

J Physiol. 1973 Jun;231(2):195-208. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010228.

DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010228
PMID:4720933
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1350767/
Abstract
  1. The property of insect fibrillar muscle which enables it to oscillate continuously when it is connected to a resonant load is the delayed activation by stretch of contractile activity. The dynamic response has been measured at different fibre lengths and at different calcium ion concentrations, to see what effects these conditions have on the magnitude and rate constant of the delayed tension.2. Bundles of ten fibres of the dorsal longitudinal muscle of the water bug, Lethocerus cordofanus, which had been in glycerol for less than 5 days were used. Graded activation was obtained with buffered calcium ion concentrations between 10(-7) and 10(-5)M.3. A computer-controlled apparatus was used to measure the dynamic mechanical properties of the muscle fibres. This allowed many measurements to be made on the same preparation. Further computer programs analysed the Nyquist plots produced by the experiment.4. When the mean length of a fibre bundle was increased, the magnitude of the delayed tension was increased (for a constant amplitude of sinusoidal length change), the rate constant was unaltered, and the stiffness of the fibres was increased. When the calcium ion concentration was raised, the magnitude of the delayed tension was increased, the rate constant increased, and the stiffness of the fibres fell. Calcium activation and stretch activation are thus clearly separable in their effects, and so the mechanisms must be separate.5. The various different effects of calcium cannot be explained by any simple model of activation, for example, an on-off switch mechanism controlling the number of bridges in action.6. The stretch-induced activity is proportional to a power of the length of two or greater and this non-linearity aids the efficient operation of the oscillatory mechanism.
摘要

  1. 昆虫纤维状肌肉的特性使其在连接到共振负载时能够持续振荡，这种特性是收缩活动的拉伸延迟激活。已在不同纤维长度和不同钙离子浓度下测量了动态响应，以观察这些条件对延迟张力的大小和速率常数有何影响。

  2. 使用了在甘油中放置不到5天的水蝽（Lethocerus cordofanus）背纵肌的十纤维束。通过10⁻⁷至10⁻⁵M之间的缓冲钙离子浓度获得分级激活。

  3. 使用计算机控制的仪器测量肌肉纤维的动态力学性能。这使得能够在同一标本上进行多次测量。进一步的计算机程序分析了实验产生的奈奎斯特图。

  4. 当纤维束的平均长度增加时，延迟张力的大小增加（对于正弦长度变化的恒定幅度），速率常数不变，并且纤维的刚度增加。当钙离子浓度升高时，延迟张力的大小增加，速率常数增加，并且纤维的刚度下降。因此，钙激活和拉伸激活在其作用上显然是可分离的，所以其机制必定是分开的。

  5. 钙的各种不同作用不能用任何简单的激活模型来解释，例如，一种控制起作用的桥数量的开关机制。

  6. 拉伸诱导的活动与长度的二次幂或更高次幂成正比，这种非线性有助于振荡机制的有效运作。

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本文引用的文献

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Computer calculation of equilibrium concentrations in mixtures of metal ions and complexing species.金属离子与络合物混合物中平衡浓度的计算机计算。
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Mechanical factors affecting the ATPase activity of glycerol-extracted insect fibrillar flight muscle.影响甘油抽提昆虫纤维状飞行肌ATP酶活性的机械因素。
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Activation by ADP and the correlation between tension and ATPase activity in insect fibrillar muscle.昆虫纤维状肌肉中ADP的激活作用以及张力与ATP酶活性之间的相关性。
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Preparation and properties of the contractile element of insect fibrillar muscle.昆虫纤维状肌肉收缩元件的制备及其性质
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