An anti-curare effect of hexamethonium at the mammalian neuromuscular junction.

1. Experiments were performed on the isolated phrenic nerve and diaphragm preparation of the rat.2. In preparations partly blocked with (+)-tubocurarine, the twitch amplitude increased after hexamethonium. This enhancement was not seen in preparations partly blocked with Mg(++) or with gallamine. High concentrations of hexamethonium produced failure of contraction.3. Extracellular endplate potentials were recorded from blocked preparations. The administration of hexamethonium resulted in an increased amplitude of these potentials only in curarized muscle.4. Hexamethonium had no anticholinesterase activity nor did it depolarize muscle cells or increase the quantal release of transmitter.5. It is concluded that hexamethonium exerts a specific anti-curare action. Experiments on the recovery of the twitch after washing out antagonists indicate that this process is limited by diffusion. The difference in rates of diffusion of hexamethonium and (+)-tubocurarine does not account for their interaction. The basis of the anti-curare action of hexamethonium is discussed.