Hislop A, Reid L
Thorax. 1973 May;28(3):313-9. doi: 10.1136/thx.28.3.313.
The drainage pattern and the structure of the pulmonary veins have been described quantitatively in a series of fetal and child lungs after injection of the veins with a radio-opaque medium. The drainage pattern of the pre-acinar region is complete by half-way through gestation and corresponds with the growth of the pulmonary arteries. There is new growth of veins within the acinus during childhood. Four types of veins arising from five peripheral sites have been described. The change in dimensions with age have also been measured. A measurable muscle layer could not be found in the walls of the veins before birth though some muscle cells were present from 28 weeks of gestation. The thickness of the muscle coat in any vein was similar at birth and in a 3- and 10-year-old child and in all cases was less than in a pulmonary artery of the same size. The muscle cells were of smaller diameter in the veins than in the arteries. Along any venous pathway between a non-muscular and muscular structure was a region where part of the wall was muscular: these veins were termed partially muscular. Their distribution by size was similar at all ages.
在向一系列胎儿和儿童肺部的肺静脉注射不透射线的介质后，对肺静脉的引流模式和结构进行了定量描述。腺泡前区的引流模式在妊娠中期完成，与肺动脉的生长相对应。儿童期腺泡内有新的静脉生长。已描述了起源于五个外周部位的四种类型的静脉。还测量了静脉尺寸随年龄的变化。出生前在静脉壁中未发现可测量的肌肉层，尽管从妊娠28周起就存在一些肌肉细胞。任何静脉的肌层厚度在出生时、3岁和10岁儿童中相似，并且在所有情况下都小于相同大小的肺动脉。静脉中的肌肉细胞直径比动脉中的小。在非肌肉结构和肌肉结构之间的任何静脉路径上，都有一部分壁为肌肉的区域：这些静脉被称为部分肌肉静脉。它们按大小的分布在所有年龄段都相似。
