MacGibbon B, Farfan H F
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1979 May-Jun;4(3):258-66. doi: 10.1097/00007632-197905000-00013.
This paper reports an investigation to determine whether or not human spine configurations can be categorized into types by which one could predict the possibility of disablement at one specific level more than another. Configurations of the lumbar spine, the shape of the lower two lumbar discs, the anterior and posterior heights of discs, the sizes of the transverse processes of L4-5, the presence or absence of rudimentery ribs, and the presence of transitional vertebrae were studied in roentgenograms of 554 subjects. They concluded that the probable criteria for development of L4-5 degeneration were 1) high intercrestal line passing through the upper half of L4, 2) long transverse process on L5, 3) rudimentary rib, and 4) transitional vertebra. Criteria for development of L5-S1 degeneration were 1) intercrestal line passing through the body of L5, 2) short transverse process on L5, 3) no rudimentary rib, 4) no transitional vertebrae. A high intercrestal line and long transverse process probably act as antitorsional devices protecting the L5-S1 disc; hence the likelihood of degeneration at L4-5 is increased.
本文报告了一项调查，以确定人类脊柱构型是否可以被分类，从而据此预测在某一特定节段而非其他节段出现残疾的可能性。在554名受试者的X光片中，研究了腰椎的构型、下两个腰椎间盘的形状、椎间盘的前后高度、L4-5横突的大小、是否存在残余肋骨以及是否存在过渡椎骨。他们得出结论，L4-5退变发生的可能标准为：1）髂嵴连线高于L4上半部分；2）L5横突长；3）有残余肋骨；4）有过渡椎骨。L5-S1退变发生的标准为：1）髂嵴连线通过L5椎体；2）L5横突短；3）无残余肋骨；4）无过渡椎骨。较高的髂嵴连线和较长的横突可能起到抗扭转装置的作用，保护L5-S1椎间盘；因此，L4-5节段退变的可能性增加。
