Stonelake P S, Burwell R G, Webb J K
Department of Human Morphology, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre.
J Anat. 1988 Aug;159:165-72.
The vertebra prominens is found most frequently at C7 in both sexes (78.7% of 47 females, 58.8% of 17 males). It is frequently at T1 in females (3 of 47: 6.4%) though not uncommonly so in males (6 of 17: 35%). The first spinous process felt at the lower end of the nuchal furrow is an unreliable guide to the vertebra prominens in the female (being at C6 in 59.6% of female subjects and coinciding with the vertebra prominens in only 46.8%). The sacral dimples have a wide distribution in vertebral level and are unreliable as surface vertebral landmarks. The generally accepted vertebral level of sacral dimples being at S2 is disputed, being present at this level in only 5 of 68 subjects (7.4%). There is a significant sex difference in the location of sacral dimples, being higher relative to vertebrae in females than in males, P less than 0.05. This finding is related particularly to the greater pelvic height of adolescent girls compared with boys.
隆椎在两性中最常见于C7（47名女性中的78.7%，17名男性中的58.8%）。在女性中它常位于T1（47名中有3名：6.4%），而在男性中也不罕见（17名中有6名：35%）。在项部沟下端摸到的第一个棘突对女性隆椎来说是不可靠的标志（在59.6%的女性受试者中位于C6，仅46.8%与隆椎相符）。骶凹在椎体水平上分布广泛，作为体表椎体标志不可靠。骶凹一般公认的椎体水平在S2存在争议，68名受试者中只有5名（7.4%）位于此水平。骶凹位置存在显著的性别差异，相对于椎体而言女性比男性更高，P小于0.05。这一发现尤其与青春期女孩比男孩骨盆更高有关。
