Leon A S, Conrad J, Hunninghake D B, Serfass R
Am J Clin Nutr. 1979 Sep;32(9):1776-87. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/32.9.1776.
With no attempt made to influence their diet, six sedentary obese men ages 19 to 31 completed 16 weeks of vigorous walking 90 min, 5 days/week, on a treadmill at up to 3.2 mph on a 10% grade, expending about 1100 kcal per session. Body composition studies indicated a loss of 5.9 kg of body fat and a gain of 0.2 kg of lean tissue for a net loss of 5.7 kg. Percentage body fat decreased from 23.3 to 17.4. Monitored food intake initially increased, then progressively decreased below pretraining levels. Work capacity and cardiovascular efficiency improved with training. Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were not significantly changed; however, high density lipoprotein cholesterol progressively increased to 15.6% above pretraining levels and the high/low density lipoprotein ratio increased 25.9%. Fasting blood sugar was significantly lower after training. Blood glucose concentrations after a glucose challenge did not significantly change, but a 43% reduction in plasma radioimmunoassay insulin levels and a 36% decrease in the ratio of insulin/glucose concentration occurred. Thus, vigorous regular walking resulted in a reduction of body fate stores, endogenous insulin requirements, and food intake, and perhaps improved the ability to eliminate cholestrol by increasing the plasma high density lipoprotein fraction.
在未对他们的饮食进行干预的情况下，六名年龄在19至31岁之间久坐不动的肥胖男性，在跑步机上以10%的坡度、最高每小时3.2英里的速度进行了16周的高强度步行，每周5天，每次90分钟，每次消耗约1100千卡热量。身体成分研究表明，身体脂肪减少了5.9千克，瘦组织增加了0.2千克，净减少5.7千克。体脂百分比从23.3%降至17.4%。监测的食物摄入量起初增加，然后逐渐降至训练前水平以下。工作能力和心血管效率通过训练得到改善。血浆胆固醇和甘油三酯浓度没有显著变化；然而，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇逐渐增加至比训练前水平高15.6%，高密度/低密度脂蛋白比率增加了25.9%。训练后空腹血糖显著降低。葡萄糖耐量试验后的血糖浓度没有显著变化，但血浆放射免疫测定胰岛素水平降低了43%，胰岛素/葡萄糖浓度比率降低了36%。因此，高强度的定期步行导致身体脂肪储备减少、内源性胰岛素需求降低、食物摄入量减少，并且可能通过增加血浆高密度脂蛋白部分来提高消除胆固醇的能力。
