Svendsen D, Kinge F O
Scand J Soc Med. 1979;7(2):73-8. doi: 10.1177/140349487900700205.
The basis of the present study is a cohort of 1570 persons, all live births in 1940 of mothers then residing in Bergen. This birth-control was followed up in the compulsory school system at the age of 14 years. Information from the "parsons' lists" (birth registers) was gathered concerning the parents' social background, while facts about the students' recruitment to the compulsory school system in Bergen were obtained from the local files of the various schools and the files of The National Services for the Mentally Retarded. For the purpose of collecting more detailed information, a sample was taken from the birthcohort. This sample was formed on the basis of a stratification of the cohort according to type of school attended at 14 years of age. By supplementing the group comprising persons attending Special Schools for the Educable Mentally Retarded and the group including persons cared for by the National Services for the Mentally Retarded, a total sample of 262 persons was reached. It is found that recruitment to the school system varies considerably with socio-economic background. Children of higher officials were highly over-represented in Junior High School, while children of workers were noticeably under-represented at this type of school. Children of workers were over-represented in Continuation School, Elementary School classes for slow learners and Special Schools for the educable mentally retarded. However, a proportionally very similar representation of the social groups in the services for the mentally retarded was found.
本研究的基础是一个由1570人组成的队列，他们都是1940年在卑尔根居住的母亲所生的活产婴儿。这些婴儿在14岁时在义务教育系统中接受了随访。从“牧师名单”（出生登记册）中收集了有关父母社会背景的信息，而有关卑尔根学生进入义务教育系统的事实则从各学校的当地档案和国家弱智服务档案中获取。为了收集更详细的信息，从出生队列中抽取了一个样本。这个样本是根据14岁时所上学校的类型对队列进行分层而形成的。通过补充包括就读于可教育弱智儿童特殊学校的人员群体和包括由国家弱智服务机构照料的人员群体，最终得到了一个262人的总样本。研究发现，进入学校系统的情况因社会经济背景的不同而有很大差异。高级官员的子女在初中的比例过高，而工人的子女在这类学校的比例明显过低。工人的子女在继续教育学校、学习较慢学生的小学班级和可教育弱智儿童特殊学校中的比例过高。然而，在弱智服务机构中，各社会群体的比例非常相似。
