Smouse P E
Genetics. 1974 Mar;76(3):557-65. doi: 10.1093/genetics/76.3.557.
Likelihood methods are developed for the estimation and testing of multiple-locus gametic disequilibria, using log-linear models of parametric effects. The estimates of disquilibrium are related to Kimura's Z-measure, and may be extended to multiple alleles and multiple loci. Likelihood ratio test criteria are constructed, which are asymptotically distributed as chi(2). The analysis is partitioned into various components corresponding to two-locus, residual three-locus, and higher order disequilibria. A four-locus example from Hordeum vulgare L. is utilized to illustrate the analysis. Most of the multiple-locus disequilibrium is accounted for by two-locus effects, and closely linked loci show considerably more disequilibrium than unlinked loci. It is shown that all possible pairwise comparisons are not statistically independent.
似然方法是利用参数效应的对数线性模型来估计和检验多位点配子不平衡的。不平衡估计与木村的Z测量值相关，并且可以扩展到多等位基因和多位点情况。构建了似然比检验标准，其渐近分布为卡方分布。分析被划分为对应于两位点、残余三位点和高阶不平衡的各个组成部分。利用来自大麦的一个四位点实例来说明该分析。大部分多位点不平衡是由两位点效应造成的，紧密连锁的位点显示出比非连锁位点更多的不平衡。结果表明，所有可能的成对比较并非统计独立。
