Mukai T, Mettler L E, Chigusa S I
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 May;68(5):1065-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.5.1065.
461 second chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster were extracted from a Raleigh, N.C. population and four enzymes controlled by the genes located in this chromosome (alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1.), malate dehydrogenase-1 (EC 1.1.1.37), glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-1 (EC 1.1.1.8), and alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), were assayed electrophoretically and cytologically (salivary-gland chromosomes). Linkage disequilibrium could not be detected among any pair of isozyme genes, except in one case that is best explained as due to a chance error in estimation. Some disequilibria were detected, however, between isozyme genes and polymorphic inversions. The relative viabilities of homozygous and heterozygous combinations of these chromosomes were estimated with respect to the alcohol dehydrogenase alleles and the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase alleles; no significant difference could be detected. The role of epistasis in natural populations is discussed on the basis of these results.
从北卡罗来纳州罗利市的一个果蝇种群中提取了461条黑腹果蝇的二号染色体，并对位于该染色体上的基因所控制的四种酶（乙醇脱氢酶（EC 1.1.1.1.）、苹果酸脱氢酶-1（EC 1.1.1.37）、甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶-1（EC 1.1.1.8）和α-淀粉酶（EC 3.2.1.1））进行了电泳和细胞学分析（唾液腺染色体）。除了一个最有可能是由于估计中的偶然误差导致的情况外，在任何一对同工酶基因之间都未检测到连锁不平衡。然而，在同工酶基因与多态性倒位之间检测到了一些不平衡。针对乙醇脱氢酶等位基因和甘油-3-磷酸脱氢酶等位基因，估计了这些染色体的纯合和杂合组合的相对活力；未检测到显著差异。基于这些结果讨论了上位性在自然种群中的作用。
