住院患者中速尿的不良反应。
Adverse reactions to frusemide in hospital inpatients.
作者信息
Lowe J, Gray J, Henry D A, Lawson D H
出版信息
Br Med J. 1979 Aug 11;2(6186):360-2. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.6186.360.
Out of 2580 medical inpatients included in a drug-surveillance programme, 585 (22.7%) were treated with frusemide. Of these, 123 (21.0%) had a total of 177 adverse reactions. The most common were hypovolaemia (85 cases), hyperuricaemia (54), and hypokalaemia (21). Most reactions were mild, and only three patients had potentially life-threatening effects. The incidence of adverse reactions increased significantly with daily dose, occurring in 47 patients (13.5%) given up to 40 mg, 42 (26.3%) given up to 80 mg, and 34 (43.6%) given over 80 mg (P less than 0.001). There was no clear association between side effects and a raised blood urea concentration on admission, confirming that treatment with frusemide is not more hazardous in patients with renal failure. Frusemide is a safe and highly effective diuretic. Nevertheless, in view of the potential seriousness of volume depletion, dosage should probably begin at 20 rather than 40 mg daily.
在纳入药物监测项目的2580名内科住院患者中，585名（22.7%）接受了速尿治疗。其中，123名（21.0%）共出现177例不良反应。最常见的是低血容量（85例）、高尿酸血症（54例）和低钾血症（21例）。大多数反应为轻度，只有3名患者有潜在的危及生命的影响。不良反应的发生率随日剂量显著增加，给予40毫克及以下的47名患者中发生率为13.5%，给予80毫克及以下的42名患者中发生率为26.3%，给予超过80毫克的34名患者中发生率为43.6%（P小于0.001）。入院时副作用与血尿素浓度升高之间没有明确关联，证实速尿治疗对肾衰竭患者并不更具危险性。速尿是一种安全且高效的利尿剂。然而，鉴于容量耗竭的潜在严重性，剂量可能应从每日20毫克而非40毫克开始。
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