Makler A, Blumenfeld Z, Brandes J M, Paldi E
Fertil Steril. 1979 Oct;32(4):443-9. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44302-5.
Spermatozoal velocity and percentage of motility were analyzed objectively with the multiple exposure photography method before and after specimens from fertile and infertile men were diluted in their own seminal plasma or normal saline. No significant change in percentage of motility was found in samples diluted up to 1:6 in both kinds of diluents. However, a significant relative increase (up to 25% of the original velocity) was found when a specimen was diluted with its own seminal plasma, and an even greater increase (up to 37% of the original velocity) was found when it was diluted with saline. Compared with undiluted specimens, there was no delayed effect on spermatozoal motility when semen was diluted with saline after up to 4 hours' incubation time. Contrary to the findings in animal and human semen described by others, there was no deleterious effect on sperm motility with this kind and rate of dilution and duration of time. The assumption that the increase in sperm velocity caused by dilution is not excitatory but is due only to a decrease of seminal fluid viscosity and a reduced number of spermatozoa which interfere with sperm free movement is discussed. We recommend evaluation of spermatozoal motility in diluted specimens in addition to evaluation of the original specimen in any routine semen analysis in order to determine true spermatozoal motility potential under optimal conditions.
采用多次曝光摄影法，对生育能力正常和不育男性的精液标本在自身精浆或生理盐水中稀释前后的精子速度和活动率进行了客观分析。在两种稀释液中，稀释至1:6的样本其活动率均未发现显著变化。然而，当标本用自身精浆稀释时，精子速度有显著的相对增加（高达原始速度的25%），而用生理盐水稀释时增加幅度更大（高达原始速度的37%）。与未稀释的标本相比，精液在孵育长达4小时后用生理盐水稀释，对精子活力没有延迟影响。与其他人描述的动物和人类精液的研究结果相反，这种稀释方式、稀释率和时间对精子活力没有有害影响。本文讨论了关于稀释导致精子速度增加并非是兴奋作用，而是仅由于精液粘度降低以及干扰精子自由运动的精子数量减少的假设。我们建议，在任何常规精液分析中，除了评估原始标本外，还应评估稀释标本中的精子活力，以便在最佳条件下确定精子的真实活力潜力。
