Altman J, Bayer S A
J Comp Neurol. 1979 Dec 1;188(3):473-99. doi: 10.1002/cne.901880309.
Groups of pregnant rats were injected with two successive daily doses of 3H-thymidine from gestational days 13 and 14 (E13 + 14) until the day before birth (E21 + 22). Internuclear and intranuclear cytogenetic gradients were examined in radiograms of the thalamus sectioned in the coronal, sagittal and horizontal planes. There was a precise and segregated lateral-to-medial gradient between and within the habenular nuclei. In the ventral thalamus the reticular nucleus had a lateral-to-medial gradient, the subthalamic nucleus a laterodorsal-to-medioventral gradient. There was a caudal-to-rostral gradient between the medial geniculate and dorsal lateral geniculate nuclei, and between the pars posterior and pars anterior of the lateral nucleus. A clear intranuclear gradient could not be detected in the sensory relay nuclei with the exception of the medial geniculate nucleus. A lateral-to-medial internuclear gradient was seen between the relay nuclei and the intralaminar nuclei, and between the latter and some of the midline nuclei. On the basis of a consideration of the time of origin and time span of production of neurons of various thalamic nuclei, and taking into account some of the recognizable internuclear and intranuclear gradients, the thalamus was divided into five principal cytogenetic components; the epithelamus, the ventral thalamus, the dorsal thalamus, the medial thalamus, and the posterior thalamus. The epithalamic nuclei form over a protracted period resembling the nuclei of the hypothalamus. The nuclei of the ventral thalamus are generated early and over a relatively long period. The dorsal thalamus consists of the relay nuclei and the intralaminar nuclei; they form rapidly and ahead of the medial thalamus. The medial thalamus was subdivided into the earlier-forming anteromedial nuclei and the latest-forming midline nuclei. The posterior thalamus was not examined in detail.
将怀孕大鼠分为几组，从妊娠第13天和第14天（E13 + 14）开始，每天连续注射两次3H-胸腺嘧啶，直至出生前一天（E21 + 22）。在冠状面、矢状面和水平面切片的丘脑放射照片中检查核间和核内细胞遗传学梯度。缰核之间以及内部存在精确且分离的外侧到内侧梯度。在腹侧丘脑中，网状核有外侧到内侧的梯度，丘脑底核有背外侧到腹内侧的梯度。内侧膝状体和背外侧膝状体核之间，以及外侧核的后部和前部之间存在尾侧到吻侧的梯度。除内侧膝状体外，感觉中继核中未检测到明显的核内梯度。在中继核与板内核之间，以及板内核与一些中线核之间可见外侧到内侧的核间梯度。基于对各种丘脑核神经元起源时间和产生时间跨度的考虑，并考虑到一些可识别的核间和核内梯度，丘脑被分为五个主要的细胞遗传学成分：上丘脑、腹侧丘脑、背侧丘脑、内侧丘脑和后丘脑。上丘脑核在一段较长时间内形成，类似于下丘脑核。腹侧丘脑核早期产生且持续时间相对较长。背侧丘脑由中继核和板内核组成；它们形成迅速且早于内侧丘脑。内侧丘脑又细分为较早形成的前内侧核和最晚形成的中线核。后丘脑未进行详细检查。
