Bosch A, Frias Z, Caldwell W L, Jaeschke W H
Acta Radiol Oncol Radiat Phys Biol. 1979;18(2):103-12. doi: 10.3109/02841867909128196.
At autopsy of 82 cases of carcinoma of the esophagus over a period of 25 years metastatic tumor was found in 42 cases (51%) and residual tumor in the esophagus in 56 cases (86%). The most frequent site of metastases was in the lymph nodes, followed by liver, lung, and adrenal gland. Direct extension of the tumor to adjacent structures was established in 30 cases (36%), and the most frequent structure involved was the trachea. Five cases had a second primary and two cases a second separate lesion at another level of the esophagus.
